Enhancing Bone Health in Aging Populations to Prevent Fragility Fractures

Mitchell PJ, Chan DC (Derrick), Lee JK, Tabu I, Alpuerto BB. The global burden of fragility fractures – what are the differences, and where are the gaps. Vol. 36, Best Practice and Research: Clinical Rheumatology. Bailliere Tindall Ltd; 2022.

Johnell O, Kanis J a. The burden of osteoporotic fractures: a method for setting intervention thresholds. Osteoporosis International. 2001;12:417–27.

Downey PA, Siegel MI. Bone Biology and the Clinical Implications for Osteoporosis. Phys Ther [Internet]. 2006 Jan 1 [cited 2014 Dec 29];86(1):77–91. Available from: http://ptjournal.apta.org/content/86/1/77.full

Khosla S, Riggs BL. Pathophysiology of age-related bone loss and osteoporosis. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am [Internet]. 2005 Dec [cited 2014 Dec 10];34(4):1015–30, xi. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16310636

Wheater G, Elshahaly M, Tuck SP, Datta HK, van Laar JM. The clinical utility of bone marker measurements in osteoporosis. J Transl Med [Internet]. 2013 Jan [cited 2014 Oct 28];11(1):201.Availablefrom:http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3765909&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract

WHO Scientific Group On The Assessment Of Osteoporosis At Primary Health. 2004;(May 2004):5–7.

de Villiers TJ, Goldstein SR. Update on bone health: the International Menopause Society White Paper 2021. Vol. 24, Climacteric. Taylor and Francis Ltd.; 2021. p. 498–504.

Darling AL, Millward DJ, Lanham-New SA. Dietary protein and bone health: Towards a synthesised view. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2021 May 1;80(2):165–72.

Reid IR, Bolland MJ. Calcium and/or vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of fragility fractures: Who needs it? Vol. 12, Nutrients. MDPI AG; 2020.

Aggarwal S, Nityanand. Calcium and vitamin D in post menopausal women. Indian J Endocrinol Metab [Internet]. 2013;17(Suppl 3):S618–20. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=4046613&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract

Troy KL, Mancuso ME, Butler TA, Johnson JE. Exercise early and often: Effects of physical activity and exercise on women’s bone health. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(5).

Lombardi G, Ziemann E, Banfi G. Physical activity and bone health: What is the role of immune system? A narrative review of the third way. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019;10(February):1–21.

Roghani T, Torkaman G, Movasseghe S, Hedayati M, Goosheh B, Bayat N. Effects of short-term aerobic exercise with and without external loading on bone metabolism and balance in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Rheumatol Int [Internet]. 2013 Feb [cited 2014 Nov 18];33(2):291–8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22441962

McNamara A, Gunter K. The influence of participation in Better Bones and Balance??? on skeletal health: Evaluation of a community-based exercise program to reduce fall and fracture risk. Osteoporosis International. 2012;

Chen P han, Lin M shyan, Huang T jung, Chen M yen. Prevalence of and factors associated with adopting bone health promoting behaviours among people with osteoporosis in Taiwan : a cross- sectional study. 2017;1–9.

Kanis J a., Johnell O, Oden a., Johansson H, De Laet C, Eisman J a., et al. Smoking and fracture risk: A meta-analysis. Osteoporosis International. 2005;16:155–62.

K. Tomioka. Impact of smoking on bone mineral density and bone metabolism in elderly men: the Fujiwara-kyo Osteoporosis Risk in Men (FORMEN) studytle. Osteoporosis International. 2011;22(1):133–41.

Sampson HW. Alcohol and Other Factors Affecting Osteoporosis Risk in Women [Internet]. USA: National Institutes of Health; 2003. Available from: http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh26-4/292-298.htm

Kanis J a. Assessment of osteoporosis at the primary health care level. World Health [Internet]. 2007;339. Available from: http://www.shef.ac.uk/FRAX/pdfs/WHO_Technical_Report.pdf

Orthogeriatrics SM, Falaschi P, Marsh D, Giordano S. Practical Issues in Geriatrics Series Editor: The Management of Older Patients with Fragility Fractures Second Edition In collaboration with [Internet]. Available from: http://www.springer.com/series/15090

Sarkar S, Reginster JY, Crans GG, Diez-Perez A, Pinette K V, Delmas PD. Relationship between changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover and BMD to predict vertebral fracture risk. J Bone Miner Res [Internet]. 2004 Mar [cited 2014 Nov 4];19(3):394–401. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15040827

Pouille J michel, Drewniak N, Laparra J, Ribot CA, Dargent-molina P. Fracture Risk Prediction Using BMD and Clinical Risk Factors in Early Postmenopausal Women : Sensitivity of the WHO FRAX Tool. 2010;25(5):1002–9.

Rubin KH, Friis-Holmberg T, Hermann AP, Abrahamsen B, Brixen K. Risk assessment tools to identify women with increased risk of osteoporotic fracture: Complexity or simplicity? A systematic review. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 2013;28(8):1701–17.

Lafleur J, Steenhoek CL, Horne J, Meier J, Nebeker JR, Mambourg S, et al. Comparing Fracture Absolute Risk Assessment ( FARA ) Tools : An Osteoporosis Clinical Informatics Tool to Improve Identification and Care of Men at High Risk of First Fracture. 2016;

Migliorini F, Giorgino R, Hildebrand F, Spiezia F, Peretti GM, Alessandri-Bonetti M, et al. Fragility fractures: Risk factors and management in the elderly. Vol. 57, Medicina (Lithuania). MDPI; 2021.