INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARE SCHOLARS

Bridging Informal Milk Sharing and Milk Banking

2026-03-03T14:08:27+08:00

Volunteer Experiences of Community-Based Dementia Screening among Older Adults in Brunei Darussalam

2026-03-03T14:08:22+08:00

Adherence to the Dialysis Regimen, Diet, and Fluid Restrictions among Hemodialysis Patients in Northern Region Malaysia

2026-03-03T14:08:52+08:00

Background: Non-adherence to comprehensive management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) especially renal diet and fluid restrictions will hinder the effective management of the overall dialysis population. Long-term effects of indulging and overloading on food and drinks which are not suitable for the dialysis patient brings on a lifetime of suffering from a multitude of diseases such as cardiovascular and bone disease which eventually leads to death. The aim of this research project is to identify the dialysis regime, renal diet and fluid restriction among dialysis patients.

Methods: This research is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design. The sample was distributed using convenience sampling method with inclusion and exclusion criteria. 80 participants were recruited. The study tool was adopted from Standard for Private Hemodialysis Centre from the Malaysian Ministry of Health for Private Dialysis Centers.

Results: Of the 80 participants, most were female (62.5%) and aged 18–25 years (41.3%). Although almost all (98.8%) adhered to the prescribed thrice-weekly hemodialysis (HD) schedule, a notable proportion skipped sessions (31.3%) or ended treatments early (67.5%). Mean adherence scores indicated moderate compliance for fluid (4.123 ± 1.524) and diet (3.988 ± 1.563) management, and low compliance for the dialysis regime (1.44 ± 0.524). Overall, 38.75% had poor, 60% moderate, and only 1.75% good adherence, with no significant association between demographic variables and compliance, highlighting the need for targeted behavioural and educational interventions.

Conclusion: Adherence to dialysis, fluid, and diet regimes was generally moderate to low, underscoring the urgent need for patient-centred education and behavioural interventions to improve compliance regardless of demographic background.

Effect of Active Assisted Range of Motion Exercises in Management of Severe COPD Patients at Nasser Hospital, Gaza: A Study Protocol for Quasi-Experimental Study

2026-03-03T14:08:25+08:00

ABSTRACT

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, characterized by progressive airflow limitation and respiratory symptoms. The disease burden continues to increase in developing regions, including Palestine, where challenges in healthcare infrastructure limit access to comprehensive management. To examine the effect of active-assisted range of motion exercises combined with standard care on dyspnea, cough, sputum production and pulmonary function among patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at Nasser Hospital, Gaza.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study will use a convenience sampling method among severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients admitted to the male and female medical departments at Nasser Hospital in Khan Younis, Southern Gaza Strip. A power analysis has determined an effect size of 0.58, requiring a total sample of 158 participants (79 in each group) to achieve adequate statistical power. Participants diagnosed with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will be allocated into two groups: (1) the intervention group, which will receive active-assisted range of motion exercises in addition to standard treatment, and (2) the control group, which will receive standard treatment only.

Results: The study findings are expected to provide a promising results in advocating the utilisation of active-assisted range of motion exercises into pulmonary rehabilitation programs among patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusion: This study findings will support integrating active-assisted range of motion exercises into severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pulmonary rehabilitation in resource-limited settings.

Prevalence of Back Pain among Nurses in a Private Hospital in Klang Valley, Malaysia

2026-03-03T14:08:50+08:00

Background: Back pain is one of the most frequent health problems directly related to working environment, affected majority of healthcare provider especially nurses. Repeated bedside nursing tasks while handling patients with prolonged standing increase risks for nurses to develop low back pain in long term career path. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of back pain among nurses in a private hospital in Klang Valley, Malaysia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a selected private hospital involving 217 respondents who fulfilled inclusion criteria.

Results: Findings indicated respondents’ mean and standard deviation of total back pain (17.78 ± 4.026); total work characteristic (20.92 ± 4.341) and psychosocial factors (11.93 ± 2.602) with the total score as moderate (50.63 ± 7.853). There were no significant differences between participants’ age, marital status, number of children and period of service. However, sub-score of psychosocial factors in female participants reported significant differences (t = - 2.328; p value = 0.021).

Conclusion: Majority of the nurses reported a moderate level of low back pain. Age, marital status and number of children do not implicate the occurrence of low back pain. However, result show that total score for the years of working experience of the respondents which more than 5 years of working experience were more compared to those with less than 5 years of working experience. Apart from all the insignificant, females were significantly shown in psychosocial factors in which impacted total score of females and became higher than the participants’ of male.

Stigma towards Mental Illness among Healthcare Students: A Comparative Study of Nursing and Medical Programs in a Public University in Malaysia

2026-03-03T14:08:38+08:00

Background: Stigma towards mental illness among healthcare students is a pressing issue, as their attitudes shape future patient care and influence societal perceptions. Despite the rising prevalence of mental health problems, evidence from Malaysia remains limited. This study aimed to compare stigma levels between undergraduate nursing and medical students.

Methods: Using a convenient sampling approach, this cross-sectional study surveyed 240 nursing and medical students at a public university in the East Coast of Malaysia via the OMS-HC scale. The researchers applied descriptive statistics to summarize the data and utilized t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests to perform inferential comparisons.

Results: Nursing students reported significantly higher stigma scores (M = 35.6) compared to medical students (M = 32.1, p < 0.05). Across subscales, nursing students also showed more negative attitudes (Median = 17.0 vs. 15.0), greater social distance (Median = 8.5 vs. 8.0), and higher reluctance to disclose personal mental health issues (M = 10.1 vs. 9.2; all subscale differences were statistically significant at p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Generally, nursing students demonstrated higher stigma than medical students. These findings highlight the need for curriculum reform, including structured anti-stigma education, reflective sessions, and mentorship, to foster more positive attitudes and reduce stigma among future healthcare professionals in Malaysia.

The Effectiveness of Website-based Educational Media on Cadres’ Skills in Stunting Prevention in Pontianak City, Indonesia

2026-03-03T14:08:40+08:00

Background: Stunting has become a global concern, as reflected in worldwide nutritional improvement initiatives. In efforts to detect and prevent stunting, collaboration with various stakeholders is required, one of whom is the health cadres. Cadres must acquire basic information skills based on information technology as part of stunting prevention efforts. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of website-based educational media on the skills of health cadres in Pontianak City, Indonesia.

Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test–post-test approach without a control group. Sampling was conducted using total sampling, involving 55 respondents in East Pontianak. The research instrument was a questionnaire measuring health cadres’ skills in stunting prevention. Data analysis was performed using the marginal homogeneity test.

Results: The analysis of health cadres’ skill levels before the intervention showed that the average was in the good category, with 25 respondents (45.5%). After being given the intervention using website-based educational media, the majority of respondents demonstrated good skills, increasing to 47 respondents (85.5%). The findings revealed a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating that website-based educational media had a significant effect on improving the cadres’ skills in early detection of stunting.

Conclusion: The use of website-based educational media was proven effective in enhancing cadres’ skills in early detection of stunting, including identifying children’s growth and development curves based on age. This study recommends cross-sectoral collaboration to improve internet access, provide cadre mentoring, and integrate digital educational media to strengthen stunting prevention efforts.

A Study Protocol to Explore Dementia Care Needs and Preferences from the Perspectives of Persons with Dementia and Family Caregivers in Malaysia

2025-10-27T16:40:09+08:00

Background: Dementia is a growing public health issue in Malaysia, largely due to rapid population ageing. Despite this, the care needs and preferences of persons with dementia (PwD) and their family caregivers remain poorly documented. Existing care frameworks are often fragmented and lack coordination, limiting their effectiveness in supporting this population. This study protocol is to explore the needs and preferences of PwD and their family caregivers regarding dementia care, and develop the dementia care needs and preferences framework based on the perspectives of PwD and family caregivers.

Methods: This study employs a qualitative research design. A total of 40 participants, comprising 20 PwD and 20 family caregivers, will be selected through purposive sampling from tertiary hospitals and community clinics in Kuantan, Pahang. Data will be collected through semi-structured interviews and supplemented with field notes. All interviews will be audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically using NVivo software.

Results: The study will generate in-depth insights into the care needs and preferences of PwD and caregivers. The final findings are also intended to facilitate the development of a dementia care framework aligned with Malaysia’s Dementia Action Plan, which emphasises early diagnosis, risk reduction, and support for family caregivers.

Conclusion: This research addresses a critical gap in dementia care in Malaysia. By incorporating the perspectives of both PwD and caregivers, the study aims to improve care delivery, and contribute to a more comprehensive dementia care framework.

Impact of a Basic Life-Saving Skills Program on Refugee Students and Teachers: A Qualitative Study

2026-03-03T14:08:20+08:00

Background: This qualitative post-program evaluation study explored the impact of a basic life-saving skills program on refugee students and teachers from the Rohingya Education Centre in Kuantan, Pahang.

Methods: A total of 31 refugee children aged 5–14 years and six teachers participated in focus group discussions to examine knowledge gained, confidence development, and preparedness to respond to life-threatening situations.

Results: Thematic analysis, guided by Braun and Clarke’s six-step framework, generated 11 overarching themes, reflecting experiential learning, emotional responses, confidence development, preparedness, and program acceptance. Teachers corroborated student findings, observing improvements in knowledge, skill application, and confidence.

Conclusion: Findings suggest that culturally and age-appropriate life-saving skills education can significantly enhance refugee children’s emergency response readiness and promote teacher-facilitated sustainability of safety education. Implications for curriculum integration and continued safety training in refugee education contexts are discussed.

Nurses’ Experiences and Challenges in Handing Over 24-Hour Ward Reports: A Qualitative Study

2026-03-03T14:08:48+08:00

Background: Effective nurse?to?nurse handover is critical for continuity of care and patient safety. This qualitative study explored nurses’ perspectives and experiences with the 24?hour ward report used during handover at a large tertiary hospital in Brunei.

Methods: Four focus groups were conducted with 28 nurses from medical and surgical wards. Sessions were audio?recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results: Three themes emerged: (1) lack of standardised guidelines (2) frequent disturbances and workflow barriers; and (3) perceived effects of the report. Participant quotations illustrate each theme.

Conclusion: Nurses identified organisational and procedural barriers to effective use of the 24?hour ward report and perceived both benefits and limitations for communication and continuity. Findings can inform targeted guidance, education, and intervention development. Further research should include observational assessment and evaluation of interventions linking handover practices to patient outcomes.

Parental Understanding and Care-Seeking Practices for Neonatal Jaundice: A Qualitative Study

2025-12-31T12:36:44+08:00

ABSTRACT

Background: Neonatal jaundice (NNJ) is a condition characterized by yellow discoloration of the skin and sclera due to elevated serum bilirubin levels in newborns. While it is often physiological and self-limiting, untreated cases may progress to severe hyperbilirubinemia, leading to complications such as kernicterus and long-term neurological impairment. Despite the availability of effective treatment, delays in care-seeking remain prevalent, often influenced by gaps in parental knowledge and socio-cultural beliefs. Therefore, this study aimed to explore parents’ understanding of NNJ and examine the factors shaping their care-seeking practices.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted at Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Twenty parents whose infants were diagnosed with NNJ were purposively sampled and interviewed using semi-structured guides. Interviews were conducted face-to-face or via telephone, audio-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results: Three major themes emerged: (1) Parental Perception and Understanding of NNJ, (2) Care-Seeking Practices for NNJ and (3) Influences on Response to NNJ. Parents commonly recognized NNJ by yellowing of the skin and sclera but often underestimated its seriousness, perceiving it as a harmless condition or relying on past experiences. Care-seeking behaviours reflected a dual pathway: while many sought prompts medical care when symptoms worsened, others initially turned to traditional remedies such as herbal baths and sun exposure. Family members, previous experiences, and emotional responses strongly shaped parental decisions, with fears of hospitalization, invasive procedures, and childcare disruptions contributing to delays.

Conclusion: Parental responses to NNJ were shaped by limited knowledge, cultural practices, family influence, and emotional concerns. Strengthening antenatal and postnatal education, providing clear and culturally sensitive health communication are essential to promoting timely care-seeking and reducing the risk of NNJ-related complications.

Professional Boundaries in Nurse-Patient Relationships: Perspectives of Undergraduate Nursing Students in Brunei Darussalam

2026-03-03T14:08:47+08:00

Background: Professional boundaries in nurse-patient relationships are central to ethical practice, yet often difficult to define and maintain in day?to?day care. Undergraduate nursing students, who are still developing their professional identity, may be particularly vulnerable to boundary confusion. This study explored nursing students’ perceptions of the challenges and opportunities involved in navigating nurse-patient relationship boundaries.

Methods: A descriptive qualitative study using conventional content analysis was conducted. Forty?two essays written by undergraduate nursing students enrolled in a nursing ethics course at a university in Brunei Darussalam were analysed. The essays responded to four structured questions about professional limits in care delivery, challenges and benefits of setting work boundaries, and the role of the Code of Ethics in boundary maintenance. Meaning units were identified, condensed, coded, and grouped into categories and themes. Credibility was enhanced through double coding of a subset of essays, peer debriefing with experienced qualitative researchers, and maintenance of an audit trail and reflexive notes.

Results: Three overarching themes were identified: (1) Having professional relationships, describing students’ views of professionalism, trust, and power in the nurse–patient relationship; (2) Setting limits, highlighting students’ uncertainty about where and how to draw boundaries in situations such as self?disclosure, gift?giving, and caring for relatives; and (3) Taking responsibility, capturing students’ emphasis on self?reflection, seeking guidance, and clarifying expectations with patients.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that these nursing students conceptualise professional boundaries primarily through the lens of professionalism and personal responsibility, while dealing with ambiguity in clinical situations. Educational strategies that openly address boundary dilemmas, such as gifts, social media use, and emotional attachment, using case?based discussion, guided reflection, and clear institutional policies, may strengthen ethical sensitivity and support students in developing safe, compassionate, and professionally accountable nurse-patient relationships.

Education-Based Nursing Management of Vascular Access Complications in End-Stage Renal Disease: A Case Study

2026-03-03T14:08:36+08:00

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) requires lifelong haemodialysis (HD) therapy. Functional vascular access is a key determinant of the success and adequacy of HD therapy and patient safety. Despites advance in vascular access management, catheter-related complications, such as luminal obstruction, continue to present significant challenges in clinical practice. This study aims to describe the education-based nursing management in addressing vascular access complications, particularly catheter obstruction in ESRD patient undergoing HD.

Case Presentation: Mrs. AN, a 58-year-old woman with ESRD experienced complete obstruction of both lumens of her right subclavian catheter during HD therapy. The procedure was interrupted for 2 hours and 25 minutes despite a 45-minute heparin flush without success. Previously, a similar incident occurred, which was a month earlier.

Conclusion: Nursing management of ESRD patients with catheter obstruction requires an integrated approach combining nursing education for patients and nurses with appropriate clinical interventions. This education encompasses vascular access care, early detection of obstruction, hygiene practices, and adherence to haemodialysis schedules. This case study highlights that effective nursing education has the potential to improve patients’ knowledge, skills, and adherence, thereby contributing to the prevention of recurrent complications, enhanced patient safety, and long-term therapeutic success.

Nursing Management of Hemodialysis Access Using Subclavian and Femoral Catheters in an ESRD Patient with AV Fistula Contraindications: A Case Report

2026-03-03T14:08:34+08:00

Background: Arteriovenous (AV) fistula is the preferred method for long-term hemodialysis access in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, central venous catheters, such as subclavian and femoral lines, are necessary when there are contraindications.This case study aims to describe the nursing management of vascular access in an end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patient with contraindications to arteriovenous (AV) fistula creation, highlighting the use of subclavian and femoral catheters to maintain effective hemodialysis.

Case Presentation: A 62-year-old female with a six-year history of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) secondary to diabetic nephropathy presented with malfunction of a right cuffed subclavian hemodialysis catheter. She had long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension and was on regular maintenance dialysis. Due to inadequate vessel size, she was not a candidate for arteriovenous fistula creation, necessitating catheter-based access. On September 5, 2025, the subclavian catheter became obstructed; urokinase was administered, temporarily restoring patency. However, recurrent thrombosis developed within days, leading to the insertion of a femoral catheter, which subsequently functioned well and allowed effective dialysis without further complications.

Conclusion: This case highlights the nursing management of an ESRD patient with contraindications to AV fistula creation who required subclavian and femoral catheters for hemodialysis. Recurrent thrombotic occlusions despite urokinase therapy emphasize the need for vigilant nursing assessment, evidence-based catheter care, and individualized vascular access planning to ensure safe and effective dialysis outcomes.

Self-Management of Hypertension in a Patient with Ischemic Heart Disease: A Case Report

2026-03-03T14:08:32+08:00

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 16% of global deaths. with hypertension as a major modifiable risk factor. While self-management strategies are widely recommended for blood pressure control, evidence from individual clinical contexts remains limited, particularly in illustrating how patient education supports day-to-day management alongside medical treatment. This case report aims to describe self-management practices and short-term blood pressure outcomes in a patient with uncontrolled hypertension and ischemic heart disease following structured self-management education.

Case Presentation: A 65-year-old patient was diagnosed with ischemic heart disease and uncontrolled hypertension. Data was collected through patient interviews, clinical records, and blood pressure monitoring. The self-management intervention included education on lifestyle modification, dietary practices, physical activity, home blood pressure monitoring, and medication adherence.Following the self-management education, the patient demonstrated improved engagement in self-management behaviors, including regular blood pressure monitoring, dietary modification, increased physical activity, and improved medication adherence. A reduction in blood pressure readings was observed over the short follow-up period. However, the patient continued concurrent pharmacological treatment, which may have influenced the observed outcomes.

Conclusion: This case report highlights the potential role of self-management education in supporting blood pressure control among patients with ischemic heart disease. While improvements were observed, the findings should be interpreted cautiously due to confounding effects of medication and the short follow-up period.

Empowering the Next Generation: Design and Impact of a Voluntary Planetary Health Module among Young Generations

2026-03-03T14:08:18+08:00

A Bibliometric Analysis of Nurse Workforce Shortages in the Western Pacific Region

2026-03-03T14:08:45+08:00

Background: The nursing workforce crisis has emerged as a critical challenge across the Western Pacific Region (WPRO), impacting both healthcare quality and access. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the workforce trends and key themes related to nursing shortages in the WPRO.

Methods: A systematic language search was conducted using the Scopus database. Drawing on 319 articles indexed in Scopus between 2016 and 2025, the analysis employed VOS viewer and the Bibliometrix R-package to identify the key research trends, influential authors, and intellectual and conceptual structures in the literature.

Results: Themes emerged: current trends, nursing shortages, factors contributing to workforce shortages, ensuing challenges, and strategies to remediate nursing shortages. Keyword analysis revealed system-level issues, including inadequate workforce planning, suboptimal working conditions, and limited nursing education capacity. Policy interventions, such as workforce redistribution, investment in education, and improvements in working conditions, are discussed as viable strategies.

Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive knowledge base for researchers and policymakers developing sustainable solutions to nursing workforce challenges in the Western Pacific Region.

An Integrative Review of Core Competencies for Nursing Undergraduates

2026-03-03T14:08:43+08:00

Background: To systematically review research on the core competencies of nursing undergraduates, exploring their definitions, components, evaluation methods, enhancement strategies, and influencing factors, in order to provide references and evidence for the cultivation of nursing core competencies and related research, and to offer insights that may inform curriculum development and policy improvement in nursing education.

Methods: Databases including Wiley, Cochrane, SpringerLink, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP, were searched for literature published between January 2015 and May 2025. The included studies were assessed for quality, and data were extracted and synthesized.

Results: A total of 39 articles were included. Nursing institutions and scholars from multiple countries or regions have defined the core competencies of undergraduates, with five sub-competencies appearing most frequently. Various teaching strategies have shown significant effects in enhancing nursing undergraduates' core competencies, with six key themes identified: "evidence-based nursing," "collaborative learning," "competency-based education," "constructivism," "simulation teaching," and "others."

Conclusion: There is no unified definition or framework for nursing core competencies, but they generally encompass knowledge, skills, and attitudes. "theoretical knowledge," "communication and collaboration," "professionalism," "safety," and "clinical nursing skills" are widely regarded as essential components of undergraduate core competencies. While multiple teaching strategies have proven effective in enhancing these competencies, the implementation of competency-based education in nursing remains relatively slow, requiring further research and practical exploration for its effective application in nursing education.

Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Associated Factors Related to Diabetic Foot Ulcer among Nurses: A Systematic Review

2026-03-03T14:08:41+08:00

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are among the most severe complications of diabetes mellitus, contributing to high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs globally. DFU prevalence around the world was estimated at 6.3%, with prevalence in Asia at 5.5%. Nurses play a pivotal role in DFU care and prevention. However, their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) vary widely across settings. This systematic review aims to synthesise evidence regarding the level of KAP and associated factors among nurses in managing DFUs.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted using Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2014 and April 2024. The search followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria included observational and interventional studies focusing on nurse-related KAP on DFU management. Exclusion criteria included systematic review, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, editorials, theses, or book chapters. Quality was appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist.

Results: This review found that, of the 6,932 studies initially screened, only 30 met the predefined inclusion criteria. The majority employed cross-sectional designs, with sample sizes ranging from 8 to 4,011 participants. Although several studies demonstrated moderate to high levels of knowledge among respondents, notable deficiencies were identified, particularly in practice and formal DFU training. Knowledge was positively associated with education, recent training, and working environment. However, attitude and practice did not always correlate with expertise. Barriers included excessive workload, limited resources, and restricted access to continuing education.

Conclusion: There is wide variability in nurses’ KAP on DFU care, influenced by sociodemographic, institutional, and professional factors. Structured, standardized and comprehensive DFU training framework and integration of DFU care into continuing nursing education is essential to improve patient outcomes.

Nurses’ Knowledge and Perceptions in Initiating Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR): A Mixed Method Systematic Review

2026-03-03T14:08:28+08:00

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a critical intervention that nurses are often the first to initiate in hospital settings. Resuscitation quality depends on nurses’ knowledge, and perceived capability or self-efficacy in executing the CPR. Despite standardised training programmes, global evidence highlights persistent gaps in knowledge and CPR competence, with implications for patient outcomes. This review aimed to synthesise evidence on nurses’ knowledge, and perceptions regarding CPR initiation in hospital settings.

Methods: A mixed- method systematic review was conducted. Four major electronic databases were search from 2015 to 2025 for relevant studies. The databases were searched using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) such as ‘CPR’, ‘resuscitation’, ‘knowledge’, ‘nurses’ perceptions and ‘cardiac arrest’. The included studies methodological quality was assessed using following Joanna Briggs Institute checklists and a narrative synthesis framework.

Results: Twenty-five articles were appraised with the majority classified as moderate quality. A significant and widespread deficit in nurses' CPR knowledge and a critical gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application across diverse global settings while qualitative data highlighted the emotional strain and psychological burden experienced by nurses during resuscitation events. Additional barriers included limited institutional resources and insufficient organizational support. Triangulation of the evidence confirmed four consistent themes: persistent knowledge-practice gaps, the emotional and psychological impact on nurses, the efficacy of specific training models, and the influence of systemic and environmental barriers.

Conclusion: Improving resuscitation effectiveness and sustainability demands continuous, evidence-based education to prevent skill decay while addressing systemic issues through strong organizational support and integrated psychological care.

Parental Responsibility for Children’s Sexuality Education: A Bibliometric Analysis

2026-03-03T14:08:23+08:00

Background: Sexuality education has become a crucial aspect of upbringing in this modern era. It is important for parents to recognize the vulnerability of their children to poor sexual health outcomes and to educate them early in life about sexual literacy. It is crucial to address this problem by highlighting the sexuality education from an Islamic perspective and to emphasize on sexuality education in hadith literature as a guidance for the parents. Rather than engaging in normative Islamic jurisprudential analysis, this bibliometric methods was used to systematically map the intellectual structure, and scholarly influence of Islamically framed research on parental responsibility in sexuality education. Methods: This bibliometric analysis aims to determine the research trends, collaborative networks and to assess evidence on parents’ practices regarding delivering sexuality information to adolescents. The electronic database Scopus was searched using “sexuality information," "parent-child," and "communication," to find the articles, relevant books or book chapters published between 2010 and 2025.

Results: Out of 195 retrieved articles, 83 met the minimum citation threshold. The most cited study is Usonwu and Mullis published in 2021 receiving 51 & 36 citations respectively. The United States leads in publications, with medicine (57.9%) as the dominant field. Emerging themes in sexual education research include awareness, abortion, and parental support, indicating shifting academic priorities and growing interest in these areas. Conclusion: This review highlights current trends, influential articles, and key authorship in the field of sexual education, while also identifying future research directions.

The Impact of Electronic Cigarette on Mental Health Among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review

2026-03-03T14:08:30+08:00

ABSTRACT

Background: The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has risen significantly among adolescents and young adults globally. While the physical health risks are increasingly documented, the impact of vaping on mental health in this demographic requires further synthesis of the available evidence. This literature review aims to consolidate scientific evidence about the impact of e-cigarette use on the mental health of adolescents and young adults.

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA protocol. Searches were performed in Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, and Cochrane databases for publications from 2021 to 2025. The search strategy used keywords related to electronic cigarette, mental health, and young populations. After screening, 23 articles met the inclusion criteria for full-text analysis.

Results: E-cigarette use and mental health were found to be significantly correlated negatively in the great majority of the previous studies. The most consistently identified impacts included increased symptoms of depression, anxiety, and psychological stress. Furthermore, e-cigarette was associated with more severe outcomes, including non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, poor sleep quality, and psychological distress. Longitudinal studies indicated that persistent e-cigarette could predict the future onset of depressive symptoms. These findings were consistent across diverse geographical and cultural contexts.

Conclusion: E-cigarette use is associated with a range of adverse mental health outcomes among adolescents and young adults, from common disorders like depression and anxiety to severe risks such as suicidality. These findings point out the need for targeted public health interventions and international strategies to address the mental health risks of e-cigarette in younger populations.