INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARE SCHOLARS

Integration of Maqasid As-Shariah in Nutrition Nursing: Potential Role of Nurses

Siti Noorkhairina Sowtali — 2022-11-30

Strategies for promoting responsible conduct in nursing research

Yusrita Zolkefli — 2022-11-30

Implementation of Psychological First Aid for school (PFA- S) program to improve school counsellors’ Mental Health Knowledge and Literacy Via Prevention, Early Intervention among children & adolescent following COVID-19 pandemic.

Salizar Mohamed Ludin — 2022-11-30

Development and Validation of the Islamic-based Smoking Cessation Program Module for Young Adults

Junainah Azmi — 2022-11-30

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to develop and validate the new Islamic-based Smoking Cessation Program (ISCP) for undergraduate male smokers.

Methods: The development of the intervention was based on the Intervention Mapping (IM) Protocol, where basic health education program planning activities involved four main steps which are; conducting a needs and capacity assessment of the program, developing the program, formative evaluation including; validating and implementing the program. A content validity level (CVL) was used to assess the content validity quantitatively, with a CVL of more than 70% being considered appropriate.

Results: The module was found to have a high level of authenticity (content validity level = 79%). Revision and modification were completed based on the expert panel comments and suggestions to improve the module.

Conclusion: The ISCP module has good content validity and can be used to assist undergraduate smokers in their cessation journey.

Impact, Effectiveness and Satisfaction of E-Learning among Undergraduate Students During Pandemic Covid-19

Wan Hasliza Wan Mamat — 2022-11-30

Introduction: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, online teaching become a new teaching method to replace the face-to-face teaching. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, many develop countries have implemented online learning as compared to the local universities. However, the implementation of e-learning which was presumed as the best method might give a different impact to the university students due to the uncontrolled pandemic situation itself. The objective of this study is to determine the impact and effectiveness of e-learning during pandemic COVID-19 among the university students.

Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study with convenience sampling study has been conducted among 349 students at one public university in Malaysia. Data were gathered by using online questionnaires via Google Form that was distributed to undergraduate students. The data were analysed by SPSS version 20, using descriptive, Independent T-test and One-Way ANOVA.

Results: The majority of the respondents felt that e-learning did not affect their study and learning performance. They also felt satisfied with the usage of e-learning that was considered as an effective method. There was a significant association between area of living out campus and satisfaction level in e-learning (p<.05).

Conclusion: E-learning does not impact the students’ academic performance during the pandemic. Students reported that e-learning is suitable, effective, and they felt satisfied with the usage of e-learning during pandemic.

Influence of Physical Activity on Mental Health Among Undergraduate Students in International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus After Movement Control Order Period.

Maizatul Zaifa Mansor — 2022-11-30

Introduction: Declaration of movement control order (MCO) during pandemic of COVID-19 has inflicted challenges in maintaining mental health of world population, including university students. Being inactive is among the reasons for mental disturbance among university students during the MCO period. Physically active has been demonstrated as a coping mechanism to improve mental health. The lifting of MCO supposed to recover the mental health status among the university students as they can return to have an active life. However, the status of mental health and level of physical activity among university students after the MCO period is not well reported.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the mental health status and level of physical activity among undergraduate students in International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus and the association between these parameters.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 243 undergraduate students in International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus who were recruited using stratified random sampling. The questionnaires used to collect data consisted of three parts which were socio-demographical data, DASS-21 questionnaire and IPAQ-SF questionnaire. The data on socio-demographical characteristics were presented in frequency and percentage. The mental health status and level of physical activity were identified by determining the mean score of each parameter. The association between parameters were analysed using Chi-square test.

Results: The study found that most respondents have normal level of depression (55.1%), anxiety (42.8%) and stress (65.4%). Most respondents also practiced vigorous physical activity (47.3%). However, no significant association were found between depression, anxiety, stress and physical activity that may be due to inadequate sample size.

Conclusion: The study found that mental health status among undergraduate students in International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus after MCO period was at normal level and living in active lifestyle, though no significant association were found between these parameters.

Motivation and Hesitation Factors associated with Physical Activity (PA) among Adults in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

Siti Zuhaidah Shahadan — 2022-11-30

Introduction: Physical inactivity is among the highest contributor to obesity and mortality in adults worldwide. On the other hand, increased physical activity is likely associated with body fitness and reduced risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Limited evidence on the understanding of factors associated with motivation and hesitation towards PA in a specific community of adults. Hence, this study aimed to determine the level of physical activity and the factors associated with motivation and hesitation factors towards physical activity among adults in Kuantan.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with 217 adults in Kuantan, Pahang, completed the online questionnaires. The questionnaires include three parts; sociodemographic, International Physical Activity Questionnaires-short form (IPAQ-SF) and perceived factors associated with physical activity scale among adults in Kuantan. Data analysis was done by using SPSS version 20.0. Independent sample T-test and One-way ANOVA test were used to analyze the data.

Results: The majority of adults in Kuantan, Pahang were physically inactive (47%), while 33.6% of the respondents engaged in moderate physical activity and only 19.4% were physically active. Reducing stress was perceived to be the key motivating factor for PA, while lack of time was perceived to be the major hesitation factor towards PA among adults in Kuantan. The findings also revealed that there is a significant association between age and motivating factors elements which are having fun and relaxing the mind (p<0.05).

Conclusion: This study concludes that knowing the motivation and hesitation factors towards PA in adults may benefit the relevant authorities in planning fitness activities and programs. A future study with larger sample size and gender-specific is recommended.

Smokers’ Perception of Their Health Status and Health-Seeking Behaviour: A Narrative Review

Muhamad Al-Muizz Ismail — 2022-11-30

Background: Smoking has been primarily studied as a public health problem involving mapping continued smoking patterns and interventions designed to decrease smoking prevalence. This paper aims to discuss the available literature on smokers’ perception on their health, the smokers’ health-seeking behaviour and factors influence the smokers’ continuity in smoking.

Method: Review literature conducted by using databases such as Science Direct, Sage Journals, Wiley, PubMed, and Scopus with the keywords smoking, health perception, health seeking behavior, health status, and health screening.

Result: Eighteen articles were reviewed, selected, and summarized. These include six qualitative studies, ten quantitative studies, and two randomized control studies. Findings showed that smokers underestimate the effects of smoking and overestimate their ability to quit before becoming addicted. Thus, communication of health risk must be in line with smokers’ perception of health risks which they tend to minimize and ignore. Smokers’ perceived smoking bring benefits and they could retain control over their actions but could not easily stop having frequent desires to smoke. Also, healthcare providers should develop passion, equipped with expected skills and aid while intervene smokers’, which might increase their motivation to quit smoking.

Conclusion: Further study perhaps could bring a better understanding on the factors contribute to smokers’ judgment in making decisions whether to continue or stop smoking and how these factors influence their actions. Smoking rates might be reduced if smokers understood the risks of smoking, which were more accurate as evidenced by a medical check-up and held to the beliefs on smoking-related risks that led to their firm decision to stop smoking.

The Impact of Covid-19 Lockdown Towards Social Media Usage and Body Image among Adolescents in Kuantan, Pahang.

Siti Hazariah Abdul Hamid — 2022-11-30

Introduction: Social media use among children and adolescents has increased significantly especially when COVID-19 struck. Social media have appearance-related content that include images of which encourage appearance comparisons. Research suggests that media use among adolescents can affect their body image. Objective: This study aimed to identify the sociodemographic background among adolescents, the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on social media usage and body image and the association between social media usage and body image among adolescents in Kuantan, Pahang. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among 347 adolescents in Kuantan, Pahang from April to June 2022 through convenience sampling method. Data were collected by using Google Forms survey and printed questionnaire that was available in bilingual. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation test was used for the data analysis using SPSS version 27. Results: About 37.8% of adolescents stated that they spent more than four hours a day before lockdown and it increases to 48.1% for current use. This indicate that a slight increase in social media usage before and after the COVID-19 lockdown. There is no significant association between the social media usage and the body image evaluation among adolescents. Conclusion: The adolescents seem to have moderate usage of social media and low body esteem.

The Relationship Between Family Support and Stress Levels of People with Lupus at the Kupu Parahita Indonesia Foundation

Miftahul Jannah — 2022-11-30

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), also known as lupus, is a complex chronic autoimmune disease that affects the immune system and various organs of the body. The cause of this disease is unknown and many lupus patients experience stress as a result of this condition. Lupus patients rely heavily on their families for help in dealing with their illness. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between family support and stress levels in people with lupus at the Kupu Parahita Indonesia Foundation.

Method: The research was conducted on 92 people with lupus using a cross-sectional approach, with data collected in the single meeting. A questionnaire was used to collect data on family support and stress levels, which were then correlated using the Spearman rank correlation test with CI=95% and ?=0.05.

Results: The majority of people with lupus at the Kupu Parahita Foundation received good family support and experienced mild stress. The correlation between family support and stress levels was significant at p=0.000, indicating that the better family support provided to people with lupus, the lower the level of stress experienced by people with lupus.

Conclusion: There was a link between family support and the stress level of people with lupus at the Kupu Parahita Indonesia Foundation. Future researchers who want to study family support and stress levels should involve family members and go directly to the respondent's home to learn more about the family support provided to people with lupus.

Factors Associated with Depression Among Older People in Community Dwelling: A Narrative Review

Siti Suhana Zakaria — 2022-11-30

The increasing of aging population has accompanied by increasing number of older people who are suffering from depressions as evidence by growing rate of incidence and prevalence. Therefore, this review aims to identify the recent findings on the factor associated with depression among older people in community dwelling. Several online databases such as Wiley Online Library, Springer Link, Science Direct and Pub Med were conducted using IIUM library database. A total of 49 articles were reviewed. The review revealed that depression among older people had various factor such as sociodemographic, poor outcome in health status, cognitive level, social support, physical performance, sleep quality, low level of loneliness and lack of spiritual support. Most of the study found all these factors were significant to depression among older people among community dwellings. Knowing these factors hinder its early diagnosis and getting early treatment to improve quality of life.

Knowledge, Practice and Needs of Caregiver in the Care of Older People: A Review

Nor Nadiya Ab Ghani — 2022-11-30

Caregivers play a significant role in the care of older people. However, their knowledge, practice and needs in the care of older people have been poorly characterised. Therefore, this review was performed to provide an overview of caregivers’ knowledge, practice and needs in the care of older people. A literature search was conducted using the following electronic databases: ProQuest Health and Medical Complete, Wiley Online Library, EBSCO Host, Science Direct and Scopus. Search terms used were “older people”, “caregiver”, “knowledge”, “practice” and “needs”. Two reviewers independently screened the studies and the extracted data. A total of 117 articles were initially found using the above keywords. After using a set of criteria in the screening process, nine articles were found relevant to include in this review. This review of the articles presents a summary of (1) caregivers’ knowledge about the care of older people, (2) caregivers’ practice in the care of older people and (3) caregivers’ needs in the care of older people. The analysis reveals that most of the caregivers addressed a lack of knowledge about and poor practice in the care of older people. This review also offers important insight into the needs of caregivers. Hence, this review recommends further studies on knowledge, practice and needs in the care of older people to identify contextual challenges and provide evidence-based solutions to improve caregivers’ knowledge, practice and needs in the care of older people.

Skill and Knowledge of Prehospital Care Competency of Emergency and Trauma Department Personnel: A Systematic Review

Mohd Said Nurumal — 2022-11-30

Pre-hospital care is among the critical components in the healthcare delivery system. The effectiveness of pre-hospital performance relies very much on the competency of the personnel specifically the knowledge, skills, and attitude of the personnel to provide care at the scene, and during transport to a definitive care centre. Thus, sufficient knowledge and skills in prehospital care are important to ensure the high effectiveness of prehospital care. This study aims to review the available previous studies related to skills and knowledge of prehospital care competency among the healthcare personnel of the Emergency and Trauma Department. A systematic review was conducted with 21 articles. The articles were searched systematically by using the PRISMA flow chart and the PICo and PICO frameworks were used for study selection. Three are two themes that emerge in this study: pre-hospital care and pre-hospital care competency. Pre-hospital competency of the healthcare personnel of the emergency and trauma department enables early advanced care across a range of disciplines. Thus, the healthcare personnel of the emergency and trauma department should equip with the essential knowledge and skills of prehospital care but because of different settings and factors beyond their control, the knowledge and skills are often affected.