ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF DURIAN SKIN NANOFIBRE BIOCOMPOSITE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v19i1.903Abstract
To come up with a biodegradable alternative in reducing the use of polymer-based materials, polypropylene (PP) and durian skin nanofibre (DSNF) were melt-blended in a Haake internal mixer before compression moulded into composite specimens. The composites were exposed under ultraviolet (UV) radiation to simulate the effect of sunlight. The significant effect of maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) was observed by the improvement recorded in tensile properties and reduction of water absorption in PP/DSNF composite. The colour index of composites increased with UV radiation exposure. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed DSNF was well-dispersed in PP matrix in the presence of MAPP.
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References
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[3] Badia JD, Kittikorn T, Strömberg E, Santonja-Blasco L, MartÃnez-Felipe A, Ribes-Greus A, Ek M, Karlsson S. (2014) Water absorption and hydrothermal performance of PHBV/sisal biocomposites. Polymer Degradation Stability, 108: 166-174.
[4] Bajwa DS, Bajwa SG, Greg AH. (2015) Impact of biofiber and coupling agents on the weathering characteristics of composites. Polymer Degradation Stability, 120: 212-219.
[5] Beg MDH, Pickering KL. (2008) Accelerated weathering of unbleached and bleached kraft wood fibre reinforced polypropylene composites. Polymer Degradation Stability, 93: 1939-1946.
[6] Deng H, Bilotti E, Zhang R, Peijs T. (2010) Effective reinforcement of carbon nanotubes in polypropylene matrices. Journal Applied Polymer Science, 118: 30-41.
[7] Faruk O, Bledzki AK, Fink HP, Sain M. (2012) Biocomposites reinforced with natural fibers: 2000-2010. Progress Polymer Science,37: 1556-1596.
[8] Jana S, Zhong WH. (2007). FTIR study of ageing epoxy resin reinforced by reactive graphitic nanofibers. Journal Applied Polymer Science, 106: 3555-3563.
[9] Joseph PV, Rabello MS, Mattoso LHC, Joseph K, Thomas S. (2002) Environmental Effects on The Degradation Behaviour of Sisal Fibre Reinforced Polypropylene Composites. Composites Science Technology, 62: 1357-1372.
[10] Lopez, JL, Sain M, Cooper P. (2006) Performance of natural-fiber–plastic composites under stress for outdoor applications: Effect of moisture, temperature, and ultraviolet light exposure. Journal Applied Polymer Science, 99: 2570–2577.
[11] Matuana LM, Jin S, Stark NM. (2011) Ultraviolet weathering of HDPE/wood flour composites coextruded with a clear HDPE cap layer. Polymer Degradation Stability, 96: 97-106.
[12] Nur Aimi MN, Kamalbahrn MAM, Mohamed NS, Anuar H, Mel M, Othman R. (2011). Effect of Rhizopus oryzae fermentation on kenaf-based polylactic acid’s monomer. IIUM Engineering Journal, 12: 83-87.
[13] Nur Aimi MN, Anuar H, Manshor MR, Wan Nazri WB, Sapuan SM. (2014) Optimizing the parameters in durian skin fiber reinforced polypropylene composites by response surface methodology. Industrial Crops Product, 54: 291-295.
[14] Nur Aimi MN, Anuar H, Maizirwan M, Sapuan SM, Wahit MU, Zakaria S. (2015). Preparation of Durian Skin Nanofibre (DSNF) and Its Effect on the Properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA) Biocomposites. Sains Malaysiana, 44: 1551–1559.
[15] Patpen, P, Rahman RA, Talib RA, Abdan K. (2015) Mechanical properties and water absorption behaviour of duriam rind cellulose reinforced poly (lactic acid) biocomposites. International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering Information Technology, 5: 343-349.
[16] Ramos M, Jiménez A, Peltzer M, Garrigós MC. (2014) Development of novel nano-biocomposite antioxidant films based on poly (lactic acid) and thymol for active packaging. Food Chemical, 1-31.
[17] Roncero ALT, Colom JF, Vidal T. (2005) The effect of xylanase on lignocellulosic components during bleaching of wood pulps. Bioresource Technology, 96: 21-30.
[18] Selvakumar V, Palanikumar K, Palanivelu K. (2010) Studies on mechanical characterization of polypropylene/Na+-MMT nanocomposites. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 9: 671-681.
[19] Thwe MM, Liao K. (2002) Effects of environmental aging on the mechanical properties of bamboo-glass fiber reinforced polymer matrix hybrid composites. Composites: Part A, 33: 43-52.
[20] Yousif E, Haddad R. (2013) Review: Photodegradation and photostabilization of polymers, especially polystyrene. SpringerPlus, 2: 398.
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Published
2018-06-01
How to Cite
Mohd Apandi, S. N. E., Anuar, H., & Abdul Rashid, S. M. S. (2018). ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF DURIAN SKIN NANOFIBRE BIOCOMPOSITE. IIUM Engineering Journal, 19(1), 223–236. https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v19i1.903
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Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
