THE PREPARATION OF CaO-BASED PELLET USING RICE HUSK ASH VIA GRANULATION METHOD FOR POTENTIAL CO2 CAPTURE

Farah Diana Mohd Daud; Muhammad  Mirza  Mohamad Azir; Mudrikah Sofia Mahmud; Norshahida  Sarifuddin; Hafizah Hanim Mohd Zaki

doi:10.31436/iiumej.v22i1.1544

Authors

Farah Diana Mohd Daud International Islamic University Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8891-5947
Muhammad Mirza Mohamad Azir International Islamic University Malaysia
Mudrikah Sofia Mahmud
Norshahida Sarifuddin International Islamic University Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8210-2187
Hafizah Hanim Mohd Zaki International Islamic University Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v22i1.1544

Keywords:

CO2 CAPTURE, CaO-based pellet, RHA, Granulation method

Abstract

CO₂ capturing has become very significant option to reduce the emission of CO₂ in the atmosphere and hence, minimizing environmental issues.Among solid CO₂ sorbent, calcium oxide (CaO) is an attractive regenerable sorbent for CO₂ capturing because of their reactivity and high CO₂ absorption capacity. CaO alone suffers from rapid decay of CO₂ adsorption during multiple carbonation/calcination reaction cycles. The stability of CaO sorbents during cyclic runs can be achieved via the incorporation of additive support materials. The silica (SiO₂) from natural sources such as rice husk is the best candidate to be used as an additive in the sorbents. However, the CaO-based sorbent in finely generated powders are prone to severe attrition problems. Therefore, this research focuses on preparation of CaO-based pellets by using rice husk ash (RHA) via granulation method. The result of the raw materials confirmed that Ca(OH)₂ have crystalline structure with finely distributed grains and RHA exhibit amorphous structure with randomly oriented size grains. Based on the XRD, it is confirmed that the insertion of RHA does not alter the phase structure of the pellets. Each ratio yield different intensity value and has formation of new peaks after sintering. Meanwhile, the microstructures of the pellets show that the pores reduced as the calcination temperature increased while the incorporation of RHA caused the pores size increased with randomly oriented shape. These findings indicate that the optimum value for the pellets is with the Ca(OH)₂:RHA ratio of 80:20 and calcination temperature of 750 °C.

ABSTRAK: Penangkapan CO₂ telah menjadi pilihan yang sangat penting untuk mengurangkan pelepasan CO₂ di atmosfer serta kesan alam sekitar. Antara penjerap CO₂ pepejal, kalsium oksida (CaO) adalah penyerapan yang menarik untuk CO₂ yang ditangkap kerana kereaktifan dan kapasiti penyerapan CO₂ yang tinggi. CaO sahaja menderita daripada pelepasan cepat penjerapan CO₂ semasa kitaran tindakbalas karbonasi / kalsinasi. Kestabilan CaO penjerap semasa berlaku kitaran boleh dicapai melalui penggabungan bahan sokongan tambahan. Silika (SiO₂) dari sumber semula jadi seperti sekam padi (RHA) adalah calon terbaik untuk digunakan sebagai aditif dalam penjerap. Walau bagaimanapun, penjerap berasaskan CaO dalam bentuk serbuk halus yang dihasilkan adalah terdedah kepada masalah pergeseran yang teruk. Oleh itu, kajian ini memberi tumpuan kepada penyediaan pelet berasaskan CaO dengan menggunakan abu sekam beras melalui kaedah granulasi. Hasil bahan mentah mengesahkan bahawa Ca(OH)₂ mempunyai struktur kristalografi dengan bijirin halus dan RHA yang mempamerkan struktur bukan kristal dengan butiran saiz berorientasikan secara rawak. Berdasarkan XRD, ia disahkan bahawa penyisipan RHA tidak mengubah struktur kristalografi pelet. Setiap nisbah menghasilkan nilai intensiti yang berbeza dan mempunyai pembentukan puncak baru selepas pensinteran. Sementara itu, mikrostruktur pelet menunjukkan bahawa pori-pori berkurangan apabila suhu kalsinasi meningkat sementara pembentukan RHA menyebabkan saiz pori meningkat dengan bentuk berorientasikan rawak. Penemuan ini menunjukkan bahawa nilai optimum bagi pelet adalah dengan nisbah Ca(OH)₂:RHA 80:20 dan suhu kalsinasi 750 °C.

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