Halal science as an emerging academic field: Examining its academic and epistemological foundation

Abstract

Halal science refers to the use of scientific and technological principles in halal research, production, and innovation, and is becoming crucial to the global halal industry, yet its definition, scope, and scholarly foundations remain vague. This review evaluates whether halal science meets accepted hallmarks of an academic discipline by analysing peer-reviewed studies, educational texts, and authoritative reports. Evidence shows a rising presence in universities and research, hinting at disciplinary status. However, gaps persist: no standardised frameworks, limited institutional backing, and weak integration of religious and scientific paradigms. To mature, halal science must clarify its interdisciplinary nature, build stronger theoretical models, and gain wider academic recognition. The information gathered pointed towards its emergence as an academic discipline. A clearer disciplinary profile is vital for designing structured curricula and producing skilled professionals who can sustain the halal industry’s expanding needs.