New Control Strategy of Battery Energy Storage System in Microgrids Integrated with Wind and Solar Power Plants

Duy Quang Nguyen; Minh Khoa Ngo

doi:10.31436/iiumej.v27i2.3683

Authors

Duy Quang Nguyen Vinh Son - Song Hinh Hydropower Joint Stock Company https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7638-4757
Minh Khoa Ngo Quy Nhon University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3104-1692

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v27i2.3683

Keywords:

Battery energy storage system, Droop controller, Microgrid, Grid-following, Grid-forming

Abstract

The global shift toward renewable energy, particularly wind and solar, has led to the rapid growth and diversification of distributed energy resources (DERs). However, integrating these sources sustainably and efficiently presents major challenges for researchers, investors, and power system operators. Their impact on distribution grids, along with operational uncertainties and disturbances, requires a comprehensive, system-wide perspective. This study proposes targeted strategies to enhance renewable energy utilization, offering both economic and environmental benefits while maintaining technical reliability and energy security. The study develops a microgrid model that includes a solar plant, a wind farm, an energy storage system, a distribution grid, and loads. As the core component, the battery energy storage system (BESS) plays a vital role in grid stabilization, power quality enhancement, and voltage/frequency regulation through advanced control strategies. Simulation results are analyzed to assess grid performance, evaluate the influence of renewable sources, and verify the effectiveness of the BESS in maintaining stable microgrid operation under realistic operating conditions.

ABSTRAK: Peralihan global ke arah tenaga boleh diperbaharui, khususnya angin dan solar, telah membawa kepada pertumbuhan pesat serta kepelbagaian sumber tenaga teragih (DERs). Walau bagaimanapun, pengintegrasian sumber-sumber ini secara mampan dan cekap menimbulkan cabaran besar kepada para penyelidik, pelabur, dan pengendali sistem kuasa. Kesan sumber tersebut terhadap grid pengagihan, bersama-sama dengan ketidakpastian operasi dan gangguan, memerlukan perspektif menyeluruh pada skala sistem. Kajian ini mencadangkan strategi berfokus bagi meningkatkan penggunaan tenaga boleh diperbaharui, yang menawarkan manfaat ekonomi dan alam sekitar sambil mengekalkan kebolehpercayaan teknikal serta keselamatan tenaga. Kajian ini membangunkan model mikrogrid yang merangkumi loji solar, ladang angin, sistem penyimpanan tenaga, grid pengagihan, dan beban. Sebagai komponen teras, sistem penyimpanan tenaga bateri (BESS) memainkan peranan penting dalam penstabilan grid, peningkatan kualiti kuasa, serta pengawalan voltan/frekuensi melalui strategi kawalan lanjutan. Dapatan simulasi dianalisis bagi menilai prestasi grid, menilai pengaruh sumber boleh diperbaharui, dan mengesahkan keberkesanan BESS dalam mengekalkan operasi mikrogrid yang stabil pada keadaan operasi realistik.

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