Silver nanoparticle biogenically synthesised by Psychotria malayana Jack: Physicochemical, cytotoxic and antimicrobial characterisations

Muhammad Taher; Nur Afifah  Mohd Zulkafly; Deny Susanti; Tengku Karmila Tengku Mohd Kamil

doi:10.31436/jop.v3i2.244

Authors

Muhammad Taher Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Pahang, Malaysia.
Nur Afifah Mohd Zulkafly Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Pahang, Malaysia.
Deny Susanti Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Pahang, Malaysia
Tengku Karmila Tengku Mohd Kamil Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Pahang, Malaysia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31436/jop.v3i2.244

Keywords:

silver nanoparticles, P. malayana Jack, flavonoids, cytotoxic, antimicrobial

Abstract

Introduction: Silver nanoparticles are targeted for antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties to combat antimicrobial resistance and chemoresistance. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticle method is widely used because it is environmental-friendly using biological substances as reducing and stabilising agents. Psychotria malayana Jack is rich with a wide range of phytochemicals that able to synthesise silver nanoparticle. Methods: The leaves of P. malayana Jack was extracted with ethanol-water solvent via ultrasound assisted extraction and the extract was analysed using liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The extract was then added to silver nitrate solution for 24 hours. The formation of AgNPs-PM was analysed using UV-visible spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, zeta particle size and zeta potential analysis. The synthesised AgNPs-PM were tested for their cytotoxicity on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) and human epithelial breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colourimetric assay. For antibacterial activity, the nanoparticles were tested on Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus using disc diffusion method. Results: AgNPs-PM were successfully synthesised using P. malayana Jack extract. LC-MS analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, amino acids and heterocyclic compounds . An attempt in cytotoxic activity test showed that at concentrations between 12.5 µg/ml to 400 µg/ml of AgNPs-PM, no cytotoxic activity was observed. Whereas, in antibacterial assay, 2 mg/ml AgNPs-PM tested on the bacterial strains showed weak inhibition on their growth. Conclusion: AgNPs-PM has been successfully synthesised and characterised. However, the AgNPs-PM possess low bioactivities of cytotoxic and antibacterial activities.

Author Biographies

Muhammad Taher, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Pahang, Malaysia.

Nur Afifah Mohd Zulkafly, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Pahang, Malaysia.

Deny Susanti, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Pahang, Malaysia

Tengku Karmila Tengku Mohd Kamil, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Pahang, Malaysia.

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