Gamma-Oryzanol Attenuates Myocardial Fibrosis in Type 2 Diabetic Rats Through Modulation of Glycaemic Control and Lipid Metabolism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v25i02.3369Keywords:
Type 2 diabetes, diabetic heart disease, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, diabetic dyslipidaemiaAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health concern, with a prevalence of over 11% worldwide and expected to rise to 13% by 2050. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among people with diabetes, responsible for roughly one-third of all deaths. In preclinical research, γ-oryzanol (γ-ORZ), a bioactive substance derived from rice bran oil, has demonstrated promising antidiabetic effects. This study used a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of γ-ORZ. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats (200–250 g) were randomly allocated into six groups (n=9): non-diabetic control, non-diabetic + γ-ORZ (100 mg/kg), diabetic control, diabetic + metformin (300 mg/kg), diabetic + γ-ORZ (100 mg/kg), and diabetic + metformin + γ-ORZ (same doses as above). A single injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) was administered after six weeks on a high-fat diet to develop type 2 diabetes. Treatments were given orally for a period of four weeks. RESULTS: γ-ORZ significantly lowered fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC), while increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in body weight, food intake, or serum insulin levels (p>0.05). Histopathological examination revealed improved cardiac tissue structure in γ-ORZ-treated diabetic rats compared to diabetic controls. CONCLUSION: γ-ORZ exhibited notable cardiometabolic benefits in diabetic rats through modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. These findings
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