التأصيل المقاصدي للأخلاق الطبية وأثرُه في حوكمة مؤسسات الطِّبِّ

Indigenizing the Aims of Medical Ethics and Their Influences on the Governance of Medical Institutions

الملخص

Abstract

This study aims to explain the effort of indigenizing the aims of medical ethics and their importance in constructing a ShariÒah compliance governance that would serve as guidelines to the medical institutions in their administrative works and problem solving with an approach that balances between the aims of the Islamic ShariÒah that are specific to the medical profession on one hand, and the aims of the patients on the other hand; between an approach that combines between deduction of the related material in the references on Islamic ShariÒah, legal and medical and between their analysis and evaluation. We hope from this study that it would contribute in materializing the integration between the human knowledge – that encompasses the progress in its fields and institutions – and between the Islamic values in guiding the governance of its systems. The field focuses on the health sector and solving some of the medical issues considering the purposes of the Islamic values that aims to preserve the specific interests of the patients and the more general interests of the medical profession. It is also to achieve a legitimate and wise balance between them in cases of conflicts between them that would find way to achieve the common principles between the administrative systems and the purposes of the ShariÒah namely: The responsibility, transparency, accountability and justice.

Keywords: Medical ethics, Aims of the ShariÒah, Governance, Professional Rights, Rights of the patient.

Abstrak

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menerangkan usaha pemerkasaan etika dan kepentingannya dalam membina urus tadbir patuh shariÒah yang akan memacu institusi-institusi perubatan dalam mengurus dan mengendali isu-isu dengan kaedah yang seimbang di antara objektif ShariÒah terhadap profesion perubatan dan juga pesakit dari sudut yang lain. Kaedah ini juga menggabungkan bahan penyelidikan dalam kesemua sumber rujukan; shariah, perundangan dan perubatan dan analisa dan penilaian yang terdapat didalamnya. Kami mengharapkan kajian ini akan menyumbang dalam mencapai integrasi antara pengetahuan manusia - yang merangkumi kemajuan dalam bidang dan institusinya - dan nilai-nilai Islam dalam merasionalisasi tadbir urus sistem mereka. Kajian ini berkait dengan bidang kesihatan dan menyelesaikan sebahagian isu-isu perubatan berdasarkan nilai-nilai Islam yang bermatlamat untuk memelihara kepentingan: khasnya berkaitan dengan kepentingan pesakit dan profesion perubatan secara umumnya. Ia juga untuk mencapai keseimbangan yang matang dan bershariat antara keduanya jika berlaku konflik. Maka, mereka akan  merealisasikan prinsip-prinsip umum antara sistem tadbir urus dan objektif shariah iaitu: tanggungjawab, ketelusan, akauntabiliti, keadilan.

Kata kunci: Etika Perubatan, Objektif Shariah, Tadbir Urus, Hak Golongan Professional, Hak Pesakit.