منهج الحنفيّة في الجمْع والفرْق بين التصرّف بكل من الوقف والوصيّة
(The Hanafi Approach to Differentiating and Combining Issues in Endowments (Waqf) and Wills (Waṣiyyah))
الملخص
Abstract
This research addresses the subject of differentiating and combining the jurisprudential issues related to the jurisprudence of wills and endowments due to their importance in distinguishing their purposes and the suitability of their rulings. This is particularly relevant as these concepts have practical applications in contemporary laws. The research aims to observe the Hanafi methodology in distinguishing and combining similar and dissimilar jurisprudential issues. The Hanafi scholars expressed a strong resemblance between the rulings of wills and endowments. The problem of the research lies in the reason for this similarity, to the extent that they said the will is the sister of the endowment, as well as the reason for the differences between the rulings of wills and endowments in matters related to the initiation of the act or the actions of the initiator. The nature of the research necessitated the formation of its plan into two main topics: the first for issues of combining and differentiating in the jurisprudential form of initiating the act in endowments and wills, and the second for issues of combining and differentiating in the actions of the initiator in endowments and wills. Based on a scientific methodology that relies on induction, description, and analysis, the texts of Hanafi scholars related to the research topics were examined. The research reached several conclusions, the most important of which is that the strong similarity between endowments and wills is due to various reasons, including that they are both contracts of donations. Consequently, the theory of contract invalidity does not apply to them, and the theory of the suspended contract applies to their branches. Conversely, the reasons for differentiating between them are varied, primarily due to the difference in the time when the effect of the act appears—immediately upon offer in endowments, and delayed until after death in wills.
Keywords: Will, Endowment, Compilation and Distinction, Contract theory.
التنزيلات
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