توظيف الأفلام الوثائقيَّة في تنمية مهارات التَّعبير الكتابيِّ: دراسةٌ تحليليَّةٌ لآراء الخبراء والطُّلاَّب في ماليزيا

الملخص

Abstract

The documentary films resemble to the articulation of a piece of writing as it contains a preface to the body of content, a expressing the thoughts of writer in the middle and a conclusion. It is well-known that the making of a documentary film must be preluded by preparation of a script which is based on scientific research. Therefore, the documentary film is closely connected with the process of writing. Taking this into account, this study basically addresses two questions. Firstly, what is the perception of film experts with regard to employing the documentary films in the developing of writing skills? Secondly, what are the views held by the students as regards the suggested employment. The study will rely on qualitative analysis methodology to answer the questions. The study would depend the researches which were conducted on the utilization of documentary films with aim of learning the foreign language. It would also collect the opinions of experts about the suggested employment of documentary films, followed by preparing a questionnaire and sending it to the appropriate editors to be checked with its credibility and dependability. Later, the questionnaire was distributed to twelve experts in different universities of Malaysia that provide programs in the teaching of Arabic literature according to the accredited pedagogical standards only. The questionnaire was also distributed among eighty students. As a result, the study managed to avail the views held by the experts as regards the employment of documentary films in the pedagogy of writing skills. The study also obtained their suggestions regarding the appropriate films for students and certain ideal steps to be taken in order to accomplish them in the class rooms. The study could also collect the perception of students with reference to the suggested employment of documentary films. There is a great expectation that this study will be a humble contribution of the researcher to the field of teaching the Arabic language to the non-Arabs, and a considerable assistance to those who design pedagogical methodologies such as teachers in general and ministry officials and authors in particular.

Keywords: development of language skills, the writing, the documentary films, the employment of films.

                            Abstrak

Filem dokumentari menyamai ungkapan bertulis yang mana ia mengandungi pengenalan kepada subjek, pembentangan idea dan kesimpulannya. Seperti yang kita sedia maklum bahawa penyediaan teks bertulis yang berasaskan kajian ilmiah mesti diperlukan dalam pembikinan filem dokumentari. Justeru, dokumentari mempunyai hubungan yang kuat dengan ungkapan bertulis. Kajian ini menjawab dua soalan utama: Apakah pandangan pakar tentang penggunaan filem dokumentari dalam membangunkan kemahiran menulis? Apakah sikap pelajar terhadap penggunaan teks dokumentari dalam meningkatkan kemahiran menulis? Kajian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan analitikal untuk menjawab dua soalan ini; yang mana kajian-kajian yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan filem dokumentari dalam pembelajaran bahasa asing dihuraikan, dan pendapat-pendapat pakar tentang aplikasi yang diutarakan kajian ini dianalisis dan perlu dimaklumi bahawa borang soal kaji selidik telah dihantar kepada panel penilai untuk dipastikan kredibiliti dan ketepatannya. Seterusnya, borang tersebut diedarkankepada dua belas orang ahli akademik daripada beberapa universiti di Malaysia yang menawarkan program pengajaran bahasa Arab untuk pelbagai peringkat dan ia turut diedarkan kepada lapan puluh orang pelajar. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan pendapat-pendapat pakar dan pandangan mereka terhadap penggunaan filem dokumentari dalam pengajaran kemahiran menulis, jenis filem yang sesuai buat pelajar dan juga langkah-langkah perlaksanaannya dalam kelas. Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan pendapat para pelajar tentang sikap mereka terhadap penggunaan filem dokumentari dalam meningkatkan kemahiran menulis. Besarlah harapan kiranya kajian ini dapat memberi sumbangan pada bidang pengajaran bahasa Arab kepada penutur bukan Arab dan membantu perancang kurikulum yang terdiri daripada: para pegawai kementerian, penulis buku, guru; secara umumnya.

Kata kunci: Pembangunan kemahiran bahasa, ungkapan bertulis, filem dokumentari, aplikasi filem.