حديث رؤية الهلال بين الإشكالية والحل

The Ḥadīth on Moonsighting: Problem and Solution

Abstract

This research deals with the problem of the famous ḥadīth “Observe fast upon sighting it (the new moon), and break your upon sighting it” in determining the beginning of the lunar month and discusses its solution taking into consideration the temporal dimension of the rulings derived from the ḥadīth. It discusses the verses and ḥadīths related to the significance of this topic in the light of their commentaries. It attempts to analyse the evidences depended upon by prominent scholars who argue in favour of visual sighting and opposing views of scholars who permit the utilisation of contemporary astronomical calculations. The research concludes that the Qur’an and ḥadīth neither clearly indicate that visual sighting is the legal requirement to establish the beginning of the lunar month, nor present it as the only inevitable means of proof. The desired objective of the ḥadīth is fasting the whole of Ramaḍān without missing any days of it. Visual sighting was the means for people during the time of the Prophet, as indicated by the ḥadīth: “We are a nation that neither write nor calculate.” There is nothing wrong with changing means due to advancements, taking into consideration the temporal and spatial dimensions of the ḥadīth, just as we rely on the compass in determining the direction of the qiblah and the specific time of prayer, especially in an era when man was able to ascend and land on the moon - as claimed -. God does not burden a soul beyond its capacity; and God wants ease not hardship for the ummah.