Factors Associated with Patient-Doctor Relationships Among Haemodialysis Patients in Peninsular Malaysia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v25i02.3367Keywords:
Patient-Doctor Relationship, Doctor-Patient Communication, Haemodialysis Patients, Patient-Centered Care, End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Despite frequent interactions between haemodialysis patients and healthcare providers, local evidence remains limited. This study assessed patient-doctor relationships and communication among haemodialysis patients in Peninsular Malaysia and examined factors associated with relationship scores. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 640 haemodialysis patients was conducted between September 1 and October 24, 2024, using multistage random sampling across Peninsular Malaysia. Data were collected using the Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire-9 (PDRQ-9) and the Doctor-Patient Communication Questionnaire (DPCQ). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify associated factors. RESULTS: Most respondents were female (54.5%), aged 48 years or older (57.1%), Malay (47.0%), and married (58.8%), with nearly 60% reporting a monthly income below RM 4,360. The mean patient-doctor relationship score was 35.40 (SD=7.74), and the mean communication score was 51.09 (SD=8.14). After adjustment, age, educational attainment, and doctor–patient communication were significantly associated with relationship scores. Younger patients aged 18-27 years reported lower scores (adjusted β=-0.044, p=0.027), while higher educational attainment was positively associated (adjusted β=0.034, p=0.023). Doctor-patient communication emerged as the strongest predictor (adjusted β=1.163, p<0.001). Income, employment status, geographical location, and centre type were not significant. CONCLUSION: These findings underscore the pivotal role of effective communication in strengthening patient-doctor relationships. Targeted interventions addressing communication skills and age- and education-related disparities may enhance patient experience and satisfaction. Future research should assess the long-term clinical impact of communication improvements.
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