اعتراضات هارون بن موسى القرطبي (401 هـ) على المبرِّد (285 هـ) في نقوده على سيبويه (180 هـ): عرضٌ وتحليلٌ
(The Objections of Hārūn ibn Mūsā al-Qurṭubī (d. 401 AH) to al-Mubarrid (d. 285 AH) in His Critiques of Sībawayh (d. 180 AH): A Presentation and Analysis)
Abstract
Abstract
Several prominent grammarians approached Sībawayh’s Book with criticism and revision, either by correcting what they perceived as errors or by completing what they regarded as deficiencies. Among the most notable of these was al-Mubarrid (d. 285 AH), who directed explicit criticisms at some of Sībawayh’s grammatical views. These criticisms were countered by Hārūn ibn Mūsā al-Qurṭubī (d. 401 AH), one of the Andalusian scholars of the fifth century AH, in his work Sharḥ ʿUyūn Kitāb Sībawayh, where he objected to those critiques and defended Sībawayh. The number of al-Qurṭubī’s objections amounts to seven, of which four models were selected for this study. These were examined in detail using a descriptive–analytical methodology, whereby the study presents Sībawayh’s views, al-Mubarrid’s criticisms, and al-Qurṭubī’s objections, alongside a discussion of the opinions of other scholars who addressed the same issues. The study then weighs and prefers between the views in light of linguistic evidence and grammatical proofs. The research arrived at a set of findings, most notably that al-Qurṭubī’s objections were not a form of conventional or uncritical defense of Sībawayh; rather, they were grounded in precise grammatical awareness and a rigorous scholarly comparison of opinions. It also showed that some of al-Mubarrid’s criticisms stemmed from a different methodological approach rather than from any flaw in the foundational principles of Sībawayh’s theory. Moreover, the study highlights al-Qurṭubī’s contribution to consolidating a critical method based on analysis and reasoning, which underscores his position in the history of grammatical criticism and reveals an active dimension in the reception of Sībawayh’s Book and the discussion of its issues.
Keywords: Arabic grammar, Sībawayh, al-Mubarrid, Hārūn al-Qurṭubī, grammatical critique.
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References
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