أبو غانم بشر بن غانم الخراساني (ت: 205هـ) ومنهجة في "المدونة": دراسة تحليلية
(Abū Ghānim Bishr ibn Ghānim al-Khurāsānī (d. 205 AH) and His Methodology in “al-Mudawwanah”: An Analytical Study)
Abstract
The research presents a scholarly figure from Khorasan who actively engaged in advanced theological debates, embraced intellectual pluralism, and, like many other scholars from Khorasan, migrated to the cultural hubs of the Islamic world, including Iraq and the Arabian Peninsula, to contribute to scientific production. Abu Ghānīm al-Khurasānī was particularly dedicated to documenting the jurisprudence of the Ibadī school and comparing the views of the disciples of Abu Ubaidah Muslim ibn Abi Karīma on internal and external disputes within the school. He authored a significant work titled Al-Mudawwanah, the first comprehensive Ibadī text on advanced theological debates. This book was later referred to as Al-Mudawwanah al-Sughra (the Minor Compilation) to distinguish it from Al-Mudawwanah al-Kubra (the Major Compilation), a more extensive version developed by subsequent Ibadī scholars. Exploring such obscure figures within the Ibadī school—who are less known to other Islamic schools—is highly significant. It offers scholars a chance to investigate the early intellectual contributions of Islamic schools and addresses many judgments made on incomplete studies when comparing different schools of thought. Given the limited writings available on Abu Ghānīm, this research represents an essential contribution to peer-reviewed journals, as it is directly relevant to contemporary scholarship. The study delves into Abu Ghānīm’s personality, his intellectual capabilities, and his ethical excellence. It also explores the Ibadī school’s origins, its jurisprudential and political characteristics, and its relationship with Sunni schools. Furthermore, the researcher highlights the school’s commitment to independent reasoning (ijtihād) and its separation from the Khārijites in both jurisprudence and politics.
Keywords: Abu Ghānīm al-Khurasānī, Abu Ubaidah, the Ibadī school’s, Al-Mudawwanah, comparative fiqh.
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