ولاية الأب في التزويج في الفقه الإسلامي ونظام الأحوال الشخصية في المملكة العربية السعودية
(The Father's Guardianship in Marriage in Islamic Jurisprudence and the Personal Status System in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31436/attajdid.v28i55.1045Abstract
ملخص البحث
يهدف هذا البحث إلى بيان أحكام ولاية الأب في التزويج من حيث شروط الأب المؤهل للولاية، وأحكام تزويج البنت العاقلة سواء كانت بكرًا أم ثيبًا، صغيرة أو كبيرة، وأحكام تزويج المعتوهة والمجنونة والمخالفة دين أبيها المسلم، وبيان صورة عضل الأب وتحجيره على ابنته، وحكم حضوره مجلس العقد من دون مباشرته، أو غيابه مع موافقته، وأحكام إجراء عقد الزواج عبر وسائل الاتصال الحديثة، وحكم تولي المراكز الإسلامية عقود النكاح، فكل ذلك دُرس مقارنًا بالمذاهب الأربعة، مع بيان اختيارات نظام الأحوال الشخصية في المملكة العربية السعودية الصادر بالمرسوم الملكي رقم (ه/73)، الصادر في 6/8/1443ه، وقد توسَّل البحث المنهج الاستقرائي الاستنباطي، ومن نتائجه أن الفقهاء يشترطون للأب الذي يتولى ولاية التزويج أن تتوفر فيه شروط، وأن عقد الزواج بوسائل الاتصال الحديثة جائز إذا تعذر اجتماع الطرفين، بشرط الاحتياط والتورع من حصول الخداع والتدليس، وأقر النظام في المملكة العربية السعودية ذلك مع اعتبار وسائل الاتصال بالصوت والصورة المعترف بها في وزارة العدل.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الولاية، الأب، التزويج، الفقه، الأحوال الشخصية، السعودية.
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