Unfortunate Series of Fractured Cannula: Rare Venous Access Complications

Abstract

Cannulas are essential medical devices that are used daily for intravenous access, facilitating fluid and medication delivery. Although complications such as phlebitis, pain, and swelling at the cannulation site are commonly observed, cannula fractures remain a rare but potentially serious complication. This case series describes four incidents of fractured intravenous cannulas, occurring within 6 months at a tertiary centre without vascular surgery services, during its early operational phase. All cases were successfully managed through prompt identification and removal under local anaesthesia. Investigations revealed contributing factors, including inappropriate cannula size selection, prolonged dwell time, insertion in high-mobility areas, and patient-related anatomical challenges. These cases highlight the need for strict adherence to intravenous catheter protocols and proper cannula selection based on indication and duration. These case series aim to raise awareness among medical professionals and manufacturers about the associated risks, promote better prevention strategies, and drive improvements in cannula design and manufacturing, ultimately enhancing patient safety.