Knowledge and Awareness of Jordanian Speech and Language Pathologists on Radiation Protection while Performing Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS) are essential diagnostic tools used by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to assess dysphagia. However, VFSS involves ionising radiation exposure, making comprehensive radiation safety knowledge critical for minimising risks to both patients and healthcare providers. This study evaluates radiation protection knowledge and practices among Jordanian SLPs performing VFSS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 115 Jordanian SLPs who perform VFSS. The validated 22-item questionnaire assessed demographics, professional experience, radiation safety knowledge, and current practices. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations to examine relationships between education level, experience, and radiation exposure practices. RESULTS: Significant knowledge gaps were identified in fundamental radiation safety principles. Only 20.9% of respondents accurately estimated the appropriate exposure times (≤5 minutes), while 38.3% overestimated the VFSS duration to 16-20 minutes. Although 35.7% reported using pulsed fluoroscopy, 34.8% were uncertain about their equipment type.  Only 27.8% correctly identified scattered radiation as the primary exposure hazard. While basic protective equipment knowledge was adequate comprehensive shielding understanding was limited. Educational background influenced duration estimates, with master's degree holders reporting longer procedures compared to bachelor's degree practitioners. On-the-job training was the predominant source of radiation safety knowledge (46.1%), yet overall self-rated competency remained moderate to low. CONCLUSION: Jordanian SLPs demonstrate inconsistent radiation safety knowledge with significant gaps  in exposure time limits, equipment specifications, and comprehensive protective practices. These findings highlight urgent needs for structured radiation safety education, standardised national guidelines, and interprofessional training programs to ensure safe VFSS procedures.