Effect of Stromal Vascular Fraction and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Epithelialization in Anal Trauma Healing in Wistar Rats

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Anal trauma should be treated immediately; early debridement should be performed to prevent infection and sepsis. The use of stromal vascular fraction (SVFs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have now become an alternative surgical alternative. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of stromal vascular fraction (SVFs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on morphological scores for epithelialization during induced anal trauma healing in Wistar rats. MATERIAL and METHODS: This experimental study assessed 32 male Wistar rats over a 2-month period. The rats were randomly allocated into four groups: Group A (negative control), Group B (anal trauma treated with PRP + SVF), Group C (anal trauma without PRP + SVF), and Group D (donor rats for PRP and SVF preparation; excluded from outcome analysis). RESULT: Although Group B (PRP+SVF) demonstrated higher epithelialization scores compared with Group C (control), the differences were not statistically significant on Day 1 (p=0.083), Day 7 (p=0.157), or Day 14 (p=0.317). However, a significant improvement in morphological scores was observed in the within-group comparison of the PRP+SVF treatment group between Day 1 and Day 14 (p=0.049). CONCLUSION: The combination of PRP and SVFs led to a significant improvement in morphological scores for epithelialization within the treatment group (PRP+SVF group) over 14 days. However, this combination therapy did not demonstrate a statistically significant acceleration of wound healing when compared to the untreated control group at the observed time points.