The Objectives and Principles of Islamic Governance: Perspective of Imam Al-Juwaynī (Tujuan Dan Prinsip Tadbir Urus Islam: Perspektif Imam Al-Juwaynī)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31436/jia.v17i1.924Abstract
In a reality of clashing visions and perspectives, vision becomes murky, foundations become shaky, and smoky fumes rule over all. History tends to repeat itself, so after Imam al-Māwardī released his realistic vision justifying Islamic governance in his book Al-Aḥkām al-Ṣulṭāniyyah, Imam al-Juwaynī came out with his own book, Ghiyāth al-Umam fī Tiyāth al-Ẓulam, with a hypothetical mindset, to put in place the foundations and objectives of the sharīꜥah for Islamic governance, leadership of the ummah, and strategies to deal with the absence of a mujtahid and leader (imām). Using al-Juwaynī’s book, this research aims to demonstrate his unique contributions to this vast subject, which was, and still is, slippery territory both theoretically and practically. This research uses analytical method to explain the objectives and principles of Islamic governance as explained by Imam al-Juwaynī in Ghiyāth al-Umam within the framework of maqāṣid al-sharīah. This study finds that his thought in this field has strong correlation with the concept of maqāṣid al-sharīah and can enrich our understanding about Islamic governance.
Keywords: Islamic Governance, maqāṣid al-sharīah, al-Juwainī, imāmah, government.
Abstrak
Dalam realiti percanggahan visi dan perspektif, penglihatan menjadi keruh, asas-asas menjadi goyah, dan asap menguasai semuanya. Sejarah cenderung untuk berulang, maka selepas Imam al-Māwardī mengeluarkan pandangannya yang realistik yang membenarkan pemerintahan Islam dalam bukunya Al-Aḥkām al-Ṣulṭāniyyah, Imam al-Juwaynī keluar dengan kitabnya sendiri, Ghiyāth al-Umam fī Tiyāth al-Ẓulam, dengan satu pemikiran hipotesis, untuk meletakkan asas-asas dan matlamat syariah bagi tadbir urus Islam, kepimpinan ummah, dan strategi untuk menangani ketiadaan mujtahid dan pemimpin (imām). Dengan menggunakan buku al-Juwaynī, penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan sumbangan uniknya dalam subjek yang luas ini, yang, dan masih, adalah wilayah yang licin baik secara teoritis dan praktikal. Penyelidikan ini menggunakan kaedah analisis untuk menjelaskan objektif dan prinsip pemerintahan Islam seperti yang dijelaskan oleh Imam al-Juwaynī dalam Ghiyāth al-Umam dalam kerangka maqāṣid al-sharīah. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa pemikirannya dalam bidang ini mempunyai hubungan yang kuat dengan konsep maqāṣid al-sharīah dan dapat memperkaya pemahaman kita tentang pemerintahan Islam.
Kata Kunci: Tadbir urus Islam, matlamat syariah, al-Juwainī, kepimpinan, kerajaan.
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