ضوابط عرض الحديث النبوي على القرآن الكريم (دراسة تطبيقية)
Guidelines of Appraising Prophetic Hadiths against the Quran: An Applied Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31436/jia.v21i3.766Abstract
يهدف هذا البحث لوضع ضوابط لعرض الحديث على القرآن الكريم عند التعارض بين النصين، ومن الضوابط التي توصل لها: التأكد من صحة الحديث، فلا فائدة من عرض حديث ضعيف أو موضوع على القرآن الكريم، التأكد من وحدة الموضوع بين الحديث والآية القرآنية، فلا معنى لعرض حديث على آية وموضوعهما مختلف، وأن تكون الدلالة في النصين قطعية، فإذا كانت الدلالة ظنية فيهما أو في أحدهما فالأمر واسع ولا تعارض بين النصين، وأن لا يمكن الجمع بين النصين، فإذا أمكن الجمع فلا تعارض
This study seeks to identify guidelines to appraise the sayings of the Prophet (hadiths) against Quranic verses whenever there is a seeming contradiction in the signification or meaning of the two texts. Some of these guidelines include determining the authenticity of the hadith as it is moot to appraise a fabricated or weak hadith against an indubitable Quranic verse. Additionally, the hadith and verse in question should address the same issue as it is pointless to compare the two when they deal with different topics. Furthermore, the signification of both texts should be definitive. In the case of debatable signification, contradiction is ruled out as the signification of one or both texts are not definitive. Whenever both texts can be interpreted in the same sense, contradiction is also ruled out.
References
Abū Dāwūd, Sulaymān, Muhammad bin al-Ashʿath. Al-Sunan. Ed. Muḥammad Muḥyī al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr.
Abu Dawud, Sulayman, Muhammad bin al-Ashath. Al-Sunan. Ed. Shuʿayb al-Arnāʾūṭ and others. 1st ed. Beirut: Dār al-Risālah al-ʿĀlamiyyah, 2009.
Abū Ḥammād, Ziyād. “Mawqif al-Madhāhib al-Arbaʿah min Ḥadīth Fāṭimah bint Qays fī al-Mabtūṭah fī Ḍawʾ Inkār ʿUmar wa ʿĀʾishah ʿAlayha.” Majallat Dirāsāt, al-Jāmiʿah al-Urduniyyah 24, no. 1 (May 2007).
Abū Ḥammād, Ziyād. “Riwayāt Radd ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb li-Ḥadīth Fāṭimah bint Qays fī al-Mabtūṭah (Naqd wa Dirāsah).” Majallat Jāmiʿat Dimashq 22, no. 2 (2006).
Abū Ḥammād, Ziyād. “Riwayāt Sabab Isqāṭ Suknā wa Nafaqat Fāṭimah bint Qays Baʿd Ṭalāqihā Thalāthan (Dirāsah Naqdiyyah).” Al-Majallah al-Urduniyyah fī al-Dirāsāt al-Islāmiyyah, Jāmiʿat Āl al-Bayt 1 (2006).
Abū al-Suʿūd, Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad. Irshād al-ʿAql al-Salīm ilā Mazāyā al-Qurʾān al-Karīm. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.
Al-Albānī, Muḥammad Nāṣir al-Dīn. Silsilat al-Aḥādīth al-Ṣaḥīḥah wa-Shayʾ min Fiqhihā wa-Fawāʾidihā. Riyadh: Maktabat al-Maʿārif, 1st ed.
Al-Albānī, Muḥammad Nāṣir al-Dīn. Silsilat al-Aḥādīth al-Ḍaʿīfah wa al-Mawḍūʿah. Riyadh: Dār al-Maʿārif, 1st ed., 1992.
Al-ʿAẓīm Ābādī, Muḥammad Ashraf ibn Amīr. ʿAwn al-Maʿbūd Sharḥ Sunan Abī Dāwūd. 2nd ed. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1415 AH.
Al-Bayhaqī, Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥusayn. Al-Sunan al-Kubrā. Ed. Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭāʾ. Makkah: Dār al-Bāz, 1994.
Al-Bukhārī, Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl. Al-Ṣaḥīḥ. Ed. Muḥammad Zuhayr al-Nāṣir. Beirut: Dār Ṭawq al-Najāḥ.
Al-Bukhārī, Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl. Al-Ṣaḥīḥ. Ed. Muṣṭafā Dīb al-Baghā. 3rd ed. Beirut: Dār Ibn Kathīr, al-Yamāmah, 1987.
Al-Dārquṭnī, ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar. Al-Sunan. Ed. al-Sayyid ʿAbd Allāh al-Madanī. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifah, 1966.
Al-Dhahabī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad. Mukhtaṣar al-ʿUlūw lil-ʿAlī al-ʿAẓīm. Ed. Muḥammad Nāṣir al-Dīn al-Albānī. 2nd ed. Beirut: al-Maktab al-Islāmī, 1991.
Al-Idlibī, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn. Manhaj Naqd al-Matn ʿInd ʿUlamāʾ al-Muslimīn. 1st ed. Beirut: Dār al-Āfāq, 1983.
Al-Khaṭīb, ʿAbd al-Karīm Yūnus. Al-Tafsīr al-Qurʾānī lil-Qurʾān. Cairo: Dār al-Fikr.
Al-Mubārakfūrī, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. Tuḥfat al-Aḥwadhī Sharḥ Jāmiʿ al-Tirmidhī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.
Al-Munāwī, Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm. Kashf al-Manāhij wa al-Tanāqīḥ fī Takhrīj Aḥādīth al-Maṣābīḥ. Ed. Muḥammad Isḥāq Muḥammad. 1st ed. Beirut: al-Dār al-ʿArabiyyah, 2004.
Al-Nasāʾī, Aḥmad ibn Shuʿayb. Al-Sunan al-Kubrā. Ed. Ḥasan Shalabī. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 2001.
Al-Quḍāh, Ṣarf. “Hal Yataʿāraḍ al-Ḥadīth al-Ṣaḥīḥ maʿa al-Qurʾān al-Karīm aw al-ʿIlm? Ḥadīth Khalq Allāh al-Turbat Namūdhajan.” Jāmiʿat al-Malāyā, Majallat al-Bayān, no. 9 (2001).
Al-Tirmidhī, Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā. Al-Sunan. Ed. Aḥmad Shākir and others. 2nd ed. Egypt: Maktabat wa Maṭbaʿat Muṣṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī, 1975.
Al-Wāḥidī, ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad. Al-Tafsīr al-Basīṭ. 1st ed. Riyadh: Jāmiʿat Muḥammad ibn Saʿūd, 1430 AH.
Ibn Abī Ḥātim, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad. Al-Jarḥ wa al-Taʿdīl. 1st ed. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1952.
Ibn al-Jawzī, Abū al-Faraj ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAlī. Al-ʿIlal al-Mutanāhiyah fī al-Aḥādīth al-Wāhiyah. Ed. Irshād al-Ḥaqq al-Atharī. 2nd ed. Pakistan: Dār al-ʿUlūm al-Athariyyah, 1981.
Ibn al-Qaysarānī, Muḥammad ibn Ṭāhir. Dhakhīrat al-Ḥuffāẓ. Ed. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Firywāʾī. 1st ed. Riyadh: Dār al-Salaf, 1996.
Ibn ʿAbd al-Hādī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad. Ṭabaqāt ʿUlamāʾ al-Ḥadīth. Ed. Akram al-Būshī and others. 2nd ed. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 1996.
Ibn ʿAdī al-Jurjānī, Abū Aḥmad. Al-Kāmil fī Ḍuʿafāʾ al-Rijāl. Ed. ʿĀdil ʿAbd al-Mawjūd and others. 1st ed. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1997.
Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq ibn Ghālib. Al-Muḥarrar al-Wajīz fī Tafsīr al-Kitāb al-ʿAzīz. Ed. ʿAbd al-Salām ʿAbd al-Shāfī Muḥammad. 1st ed. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1422 AH.
Ibn Ḥanbal, Aḥmad. Al-Musnad. Ed. Aḥmad Shākir. 1st ed. Cairo: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1975.
Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr. Al-Manār al-Munīf fī al-Ṣaḥīḥ wa al-Ḍaʿīf. Ed. ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ Abū Ghuddah. 1st ed. Aleppo: Maktabat al-Maṭbūʿāt al-Islāmiyyah, 1970.
Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr. Ijtimāʿ al-Juyūsh al-Islāmiyyah. Ed. Zayd al-Nushayrī. 1st ed. Makkah: Dār ʿĀlam al-Fawāʾid, 1431 AH.
Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr. Iʿlām al-Muwaqqiʿīn ʿan Rabb al-ʿĀlamīn. Ed. Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Salām. 1st ed. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1991.
Ibn Taymiyyah, Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥalīm. Minhāj al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah. Ed. Muḥammad Rashād Sālim. 1st ed. Riyadh: Jāmiʿat Muḥammad ibn Saʿūd, 1986.
Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj. Al-Ṣaḥīḥ. Ed. Muḥammad Fuʾād ʿAbd al-Bāqī. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.
Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj. Al-Tamyīz. Ed. Muḥammad Muṣṭafā al-Aʿẓamī. 3rd ed. Saudi Arabia: Maktabat al-Kawthar, 1410 AH.
