ERGONOMIC HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT, AND CONTROL IN FISH LANDING OPERATIONS IN KUANTAN, PAHANG, MALAYSIA

Abstract

Background: The Malaysian fishing industry is worth approximately RM11.5 billion annually and employs over 153,461 workforces. Despite its significant contribution to local livelihood and national economic growth, working in this industry is considered high-risk due to the physically demanding nature of the work, heavy workload, and long working hours, which contribute to a high incidence of occupational injuries and illnesses reported globally. To date, the role of ergonomics in addressing these safety and health issues among workers on fishing vessels has been well documented. However, there is still limited data on ergonomic issues available at the fish landing jetty, particularly in Malaysia. Hence, this study aimed to identify the ergonomic hazards associated with fish landing operations and evaluate their risks and control measures at the Fisheries Development Authority of Malaysia (LKIM) Kuantan Complex, Pahang. Methods: A systematic Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) analysis of fish landing operations was conducted based on the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) guideline. Walkthrough observation, face-to-face interviews with workers and employers, and consultations with experts were conducted to gain insights into ergonomic issues faced by the target population. Results: A total of 25 ergonomic hazards were identified, of which 56% are classified as high risk with high priority for intervention. The packing catch is identified as the most ergonomically hazardous task within fish landing operations, attributed to extensive lifting, pushing, and pulling of heavy loads. Although the existing ergonomic control measures are in place, they seem inadequate. Conclusion: The data suggest ergonomic risks are prevalent among the fish landing workers. Therefore, a task-specific ergonomic risk assessment is necessary before improving control measures.