The Phenomenology of Dhu’l-Qarnayn’s Community Engagement: A Theoretical Model for Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance (ESG) Sustainability
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31436/ijrcs.v5i2.250Keywords:
Dhu’l-Qarnayn, Community Engagement, Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance (ESG) Sustainability, PhenomenologyAbstract
Government and non-government agencies are concerned in recent times about the sustainability of socio-economic and environmental resources because the continuous survival of humanity relies strongly on the extent of ensuring a sustainable economy, society and environment. Sustainability studies have suggested the dire need to promote the implementation of environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) to enhance and guarantee the interests of stakeholders, such as customers, employees, investors and the entire ecosystem. However, a community engagement programme is distinct from community service as the former empowers the society for sustainability, similar to what Dhu’l-Qarnayn did to enhance socio-economic and environmental protection for the people of a territory. Through a phenomenology approach to the exegeses of textual sources of Dhu’l-Qarnayn, this article explicates how the implication of community engagement sustains the people of that time and its relevance to contemporary society. This article uses qualitative method based on a doctrinal approach to explore the historical implication of Dhu’l-Qarnayn’s community engagement approach and its application to modern ESG sustainability. This study found that the community engagement approach by Dhu’l-Qarnayn is a sustainable empowerment model, rather than mere services to the people for free or in exchange for socio-economic and environmental benefits. The article identifies knowledge, wisdom, spirituality, engagement and empowerment as the fundamental principles used by Dhu’l-Qarnayn towards sustainable ESG in modern society. This study suggests the need to further conduct an empirical study on the understanding and application of sustainable ESG by religious institutions.
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