Indonesian Sultanates and Their Alleged Allegiance to Islamic Caliphates
A Historical Analysis of “Jejak Khilafah di Nusantara”
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31436/ijrcs.v4i2.206Keywords:
caliphate, allegiance, international relations, Islamic kingdoms, Indonesian archipelago, Jejak Khilafah di NusantaraAbstract
This research aims to discuss the contents of a documentary film entitled Jejak Khilafah di Nusantara which was released on 1 Muharram 1422 H (20 August 2020). The central claim of this documentary, which is also the main discussion of this research, is that the kingdoms in the Indonesian archipelago (Samudra Pasai, Malaka, Demak, Aceh Darussalam, and others) have pledged allegiance to the centers of the caliphate in Egypt and later in Turkey. The research wants to know whether the allegiance had really occurred and that these Islamic kingdoms had become the vassals of the Islamic caliphate. This research concludes that this claim is weak by using the methods of discourse analysis, historical analysis, and the fiqh siyâsah approach. The Islamic kingdoms in the archipelago did not pledge allegiance to any center of the Islamic caliphate, even though the relationship between these centers of power was pretty intensive.
References
Abdullah, Taufik dan Endjat Djaenuderajat (ed.). (2015). Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam Indonesia Jil. I sd V. Jakarta: Kemdikbud.
Abdullah, Taufik dan AB Lapian (ed.). (2012). Indonesia dalam Arus Sejarah, Jil. I sd IX. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan dan Ichtiar Baroe van Hoove
Al-Amin, Ainur Rafiq. (2012). Membongkar Proyek Khilafah Ala Hizbut-Tahrir. Yogyakarta: LKIS
Al-Juwaini, Imam Al-Haramain Abu Al-Ma’ali. (1401H). Ghiyâts Al-Umam wa Tiyâs Al-Zhulam. Alexandria: Dâr El-Da’wah
Al-Nabhani, Taqiyyudin. (2002). Ad- Daulah Al-Islamiyyah. Bogor: Pustaka Fikrul Mustanir
Al-Suyuthi, Jalaluddin Abdurrahman bin Abu Bakar. (2013). Târîkh Al-Khulafâ. Qathr: Wuzarah Al-Auqâf wa Asy-Syuûn Al-Islamiyyah.
Al-Zhahiri, Ibn Hazm. (1998). Marâtib Al-Ijma’fi Al-Ibâdât wa Al-Mu’âmalât wa Al-I’tiqâdât. Beirut: Dâr Ibn Hazm
Azzam, Muhammad Abdullah. (2020, August 29). Sejarawan Turki: Belum adanya dokumen sejarah bukan berarti relasi Utsmani-Jawa tidak ada. Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/id/berita-analisis/sejarawan-turki-belum-adanya-dokumen-sejarah-bukan-berarti-relasi-utsmani-jawa-tidak-ada/1956801
Azra, Azyumardi. (2004). Jaringan Ulama Timur Tengah dan Kepulauan Nusantara Abad XVII dan XVIII; Akar Pembaharuan Islam Indonesia. Jakarta, Prenada Kencana.
Damarjati, Danu. (2019, October 14). Embrio Khilafatul Muslimin Disebut Berawal dari NII. Retrieved from. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4744757/embrio-khilafatul-muslimin-disebut-berawal-dari-nii
Fatimi, Sayyid Qudratullah. (1963). “Two Letters from Maharaja to the Khalifah”, Islamic Studies (Karachi), 2, I
Gillen, Julia and Alan Petersen. (2006). "Discourse Analysis" in Bridget Somekh and Cathy Lewin (ed.). Research Method in the Social Sciences. London: SAGE Publications.
Gottschalk, Louis. (2006). Mengerti Sejarah. Jakarta: UI Press.
Gunawan, Deden. (2020, August 24). Pakar Sejarah Jawa sebut film Jejak Khilafah khayalan. Retrieved from https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5143866/pakar-sejarah-jawa-sebut-film-jejak-khilafah-khayalan
Hart, Moeflich H. (2020, October 24). Skripsi Super Rasa Disertasi!! – Nicko Pandawa. Reviewer: Moeflich H. Hart. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/6ct4XbOg_Zs
Khilafah Channel (Production). (2020, August 21). Jejak Khilafah di Nusantara [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/WQW0D3vLR4g
Mi’raj Islamic News Agency (MINA). (2017, March 5). Jama’ah Muslimin (Hizbullah) Klaim Khilafah Telah Diamalkan Kembali Sejak 1953. Retrieved from https://minanews.net/jamaah-muslimin-hizbullah-klaim-khilafah-telah-tegak-kembali-tahun-1953/
Muir, Sir William. (1963). The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall. Beirut: Khayats Oriental
Muhajir, Afifudin. (2017). Fikih Tata Negara. Yogyakarta: IRCISOD
Murad, Shawish. (2019). “Hukm Taaddud Al-Aimmah fî Dâr Al-Islâm” dalam Journal of Divinity Faculty, Syirnak University Turkey. Vol. 10, Issue 23, Desember 2019.
Sabur Alex. (2012). Analisis Teks Media. Bandung: Rosdakarya.
Shallaby, Ali Muhammad. (2008). Ad-Daulah Al-Umawiyah; Áwâmil Al-Izdihâr wa Tadâiyât l-Inhiyâr, Jil. I & II. Cairo: Dar Ibnu Jauzy.
Taimiyyah, Ibnu. (2001). MajmuAl-Fatawâ, Jil. 34. Cairo: Dar El-Wafa Al-Manshurah.
Taimiyyah, Ibnu. (1998). Naqd Marâtib Al-Ijmâ’. Beirut: Dâr Ibn Hazm
Thaqqusy, Muhammad Suhail. (2015). Bangkit dan Runtuhnya Daulah Fathimiyah. Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Kautsar.
Tim Riset dan Studi Islam Mesir. (2005). Ensiklopedi Sejarah Islam, Jil. I & II. Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Kautsar.
