“O People of the Book”: An Exegetical Analysis of the Ahl al-Kitāb in Qur’ānic Discourse

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to develop a methodological framework through which to analyse the Qur’ān’s dialogical engagement with the Ahl al-Kitāb (the People of the Book – Jews and Christians). A substantial portion of the Qur’ānic revelations are directed towards, or about, the Jews and Christians, warranting a critical analysis of why such a dialogue was necessary and what the nature of that dialog entailed. Indeed, the Qur’ān’s engagement with the Ahl al-Kitāb is one of the most critical elements of the Qur’ānic revelation, evidenced by the sheer number of verses addressing them. This research seeks to address why the Qur’ān engages so heavily in polemics with the Ahl al-Kitāb and the evolutionary nature of the engagement and polemical tone throughout Muhammad (SAW)’s prophethood.