STAKEHOLDER PERCEPTIONS OF ZAKAH AS A TOOL FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

Abstract

Zakah constitutes a foundational pillar of Islamic social finance and is intended to function as a compulsory redistributive mechanism for poverty alleviation and social justice. In Nigeria, particularly in the northern states where poverty incidence is highest, Zakah has been re-institutionalized through state-level boards and local committees. Despite these efforts, the extent to which Zakah effectively addresses poverty remains contested, largely due to governance and institutional challenges. This study examines stakeholder perceptions of Zakah as a poverty alleviation tool in Katsina State, Nigeria. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, document analysis, and field observations involving donors, beneficiaries, religious leaders, and Zakah administrators. Data were analyzed thematically using ATLAS.ti 8. Findings reveal that while stakeholders acknowledge Zakah’s contribution to food security, healthcare access, and short-term livelihood support, its broader developmental impact is constrained by weak governance, limited transparency, logistical inefficiencies, low public awareness, and declining donor trust. Beneficiaries report delays and inconsistencies in access, while administrators highlight capacity and funding constraints. The study concludes that institutional reform, digitalization, enhanced stakeholder engagement, and a shift toward productive Zakah are critical for strengthening Zakah’s poverty-alleviation impact in Katsina State.