Regulatory Principles for Ilhāq (affiliation) with the Maqāsid al-Shariah: An Analytical Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31436/ijfus.v9i2.373Keywords:
Affiliation, maqāṣid, legal reasoning, consequences, public interestAbstract
Al- Ilḥāq (affiliation) in the field of Uṣūl al-Fiqh (Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence) represents a comprehensive theory that begins with general evidences and proceeds through inductive reasoning based on particulars. Given that the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah) are founded upon comprehensive inductive analysis, the theory of affiliation plays a significant role in elucidating their application following their theoretical establishment. The significance of this study lies in its focus on the principles governing affiliation and its connection to maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah. Research Problem: Incomplete reasoning is among the most serious pitfalls in the application of legal rulings by some contemporary claimants to authenticity and preservation of Islamic law. In fact, they may pose a greater risk than the modern-day literalists, by which we mean those who rigidly adhere to the text. Unlike the original Ẓāhirī school—championed by Imām Ibn Ḥazm, which aimed to preserve the transmitted tradition (athar)—modern literalism often neglects the purposes, wisdoms, and overarching aims of the Sharīʿah. Hence, affiliation with maqāṣid provides an academic response to this literalist and fragmentary approach to scriptural texts, offering a holistic framework that aligns textual interpretation with its ethical and purposive dimensions. This study thus serves as a methodological contribution toward addressing this contemporary challenge. Methodology: This research adopts a descriptive approach by outlining the relevant realities and classifying them within the framework of maqāṣid. It also employs (partial) inductive and analytical methods to examine and analyze Sharīʿah evidences, aiming to establish a theoretical and practical synthesis between affiliation and inductive reasoning. The Key Findings of the study are as follow: First, affiliation with the maqāṣid represents an advanced level of operationalizing the objectives of Islamic law in various contexts and cases. Second, maqāṣid-based affiliation entails the jurist’s conscious invocation of the objectives in all interpretive and evaluative efforts—not only within legal contexts, but across scientific and practical domains—within an ethical framework that reconciles text and reality. Third, this form of affiliation is characterized by distinct features: clarity, reliability, discipline, and consistency, and it is governed by regulatory principles that protect it from laxity and detachment from the authority of the Sharīʿah texts. These include verifying the presence of the intended objective, assessing its degree and relevance, and integrating the particulars and general evidences within a semantic and contextual network that prevents contradiction. This framework ensures that the process of affiliation is both valid and robust, particularly when conducted by those with proper training and expertise.
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