ENHANCED REMOVAL OF MULTI-METAL ION BY GRAPHENE OXIDE POLYETHERSULFONE NANOCOMPOSITE ADSORPTIVE MEMBRANE
Keywords:
Modified graphene oxide, Adsorptive membrane, Multi-metal ion removalAbstract
Water pollution due to natural and human activities is a critical issue of global concern. Moreover, rapid population growth that led to urbanization, industrialization and intensification of agricultural activities has rendered to the accumulation of pollutants in water and wastewater. Heavy metals were identified as one of the inorganic pollutants found in significant amounts in industrial effluent discharges. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the efficiency of graphene oxide polyethersulfone nanocomposite (GPN) adsorptive membrane in a synthetic multi-metal ion system using dead-end filtration process. GO powder was incorporated with a polymer solution to fabricate the GPN membrane. After that, simulated industrial wastewater was prepared based on the real waste content including lead (Pb), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) at pH 3.4±0.2. Then, the dead-end filtration was conducted using the prepared simulated wastewater at 3 bar of transmembrane pressure. The final concentration of the metals in the permeate demonstrated that the removal of multi-metal ions was in the descending order of Al > Pb >Cu > Fe and Pb > Al > Cu > Fe for Type 1 and 2, respectively. For Type 1 simulated wastewater (mining industry), the removal percentages were about 62, 40, 61 and 81% for Pb, Fe, Cu and Al, respectively. Meanwhile, for Type 2 simulated wastewater (semiconductor industry), the removal percentages were 93, 43, 63 and 67% for Pb, Fe, Cu and Al, respectively. The results exhibited that metal ions compete for these interactions and behave differently when they come into contact with the GPN membrane. The final concentration of the metals in the permeate demonstrated an enhanced removal of multi-metal ions. Therefore, it is suggested that this GPN membrane is suitable for industrial use and could be verified with real wastewater effluent in the future.
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