مبادئ ونظريات الحوكمة من منظور الشريعة الإسلامية/Principles and Theory of Governance from Islamic Perspective

Authors

  • عبدالعزيز الناهض Abdulaziz Alnahedh
  • يونس صوالحي Younes Soualhi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31436/alrisalah.v2i2.72

Keywords:

Governance – Agency Theory – Corporate Social Responsibility – Work Ethics

Abstract

يهدف البحث إلى دراسة مبادئ ونظريات الحوكمة الحديثة من منظور الشريعة الإسلامية. حيث سيركز البحث على دراسة المبادئ التسعة الأساسية للحوكمة التي حددها برنامج الأمم المتحدة الإنمائي، وهي: المشاركة، سيادة القانون، الشفافية، الاستجابة، الإجماع العام، المساواة، الفاعلية والكفاءة، المساءلة، والرؤية الاستراتيجية؛ ومدى تجذر هذه المبادئ في الشريعة الإسلامية. وبعد ذلك يناقش البحث أهم النظريات الحديثة للحوكمة، وهي: نظرية الوكالة، والمسؤولية الاجتماعية، وأخلاقيات العمل؛ حيث أنها تتداول بين الأوساط العلمية على أنها اكتشافات حديثة نسبياً، ولكن عند النظر في الشريعة الإسلامية والتراث الإسلامي نجد الكثير من الإشارات والتطبيقات لهذه النظريات والمفاهيم من خلال: نظرية الاستخلاف، وعقد الوكالة، وعقد المضاربة، والمنظومة الأخلاقية التي هي أساس النظرية الإسلامية في إصلاح الفرد والمجتمع. وفي الختام، لقد تبين أن معظم المبادئ والنظريات الحديثة المتعلقة بالحوكمة لها أسس وجذور في الشريعة الإسلامية، ولكننا كمسلمين قد تقاعسنا عن تطوير هذه الأسس بصورة تجعلها تواكب عصرنا الحالي، مما جعل الريادة في ذلك تكون للأدبيات والنظريات الغربية.

This research aims to study the principles and theories of governance from the perspective of the Islamic Sharia. The study focuses on the nine core governance principles identified by UNDP: participation, rule of law, transparency, responsiveness, consensus orientation, equity, effectiveness and efficiency, accountability and strategic vision; and the extent to which these principles are rooted in Islam. The study then discusses the most important theories of governance: agency theory, social responsibility, and work ethic. Nevertheless, when looking at Islamic Sharia and Islamic heritage, many references and applications of these theories and concepts can be found through: The theory of alaistikhlaf, the contract of alwikala, the contract of almudaraba, and the moral system that is the basis of Islamic theory in the reform of the individual and society. In conclusion, most of the principles and theories of governance have roots in Islamic Sharia, but Muslims have failed to develop these foundations in a way that keeps them abreast of our current era, resulting in Western literature taking the lead.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

‘Umar, Aḥmad Mukhtār. (2008). Mu’jam al-Lughah al-‘Arabyyah al-Mu’āṣirah. (1st ed.). Cairo: ‘Ālam al-Kutub.

Abū al-Naṣir, Midḥat. (2015). al-Mas’uliyah al-‘Ijtimā’iyah li al-Sharikāt wa al-Munaẓamāt. (1st ed.). Cairo: al-Majmū’ah al-‘Arabiyyah.

Abū Dāwūd, Sulaymān al-Sijistānī. (n.d.). Sunan Abī Dāwūd. Beirut: Al-Maktabah Al-Aṣriyah.

Aḥmad, Mu’āwiyah Sayyid. (2003). Siyāsat al-‘Islām fī al-Wiqāyah wa al-Man’i. Paper presented to the Arab International Conference against Corruption, Naif Arab Academy for Security Sciences, Riyadh.

Al-‘Albānī, Muḥammad. (1995). Silsilat al-‘Aḥādīth al-Ṣaḥīḥa wa Shay’ min Fiqhiha wa Fawā’idha. (1st ed.). Riyadh: Maktabat al-Ma’ārif.

Al-‘Asraj, Ḥussīn. (2014). Dawr ‘Adawāt al-Ḥakimiyah fī Taṭwīr Mu’assasat al-Waqf. paper presented to the Third Scientific Conference of the College of Business Administration, Ajloun University, Jordan.

Al-‘Azharī, Abū Manṣūr Moḥammad. (2001). Tahdhīb al-Lughah. (1st ed.). Beirut: Dār ‘Iḥya’ al-Turāth al-‘Arabī.

Al-Bukhārī, Muḥammad. (2001). Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī. (1st ed.). Beirut: Dār Ṭawq al-Najāt.

Al-Dusūqī, Moḥammad. (n.d.) Ḥāshiyat al- Dusūqī ‘alā al-Sharḥ al-Kabīr. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr.

Al-Ḥaṭāb, Mohammad, Mawāhib al-Jalīl fī Sharḥ Mukhtaṣar Khalīl (Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, third edition, 1992).

Al-Haytamī, Ahmad ibn Hajar. (n.d.). al-Fatāwā al-Fiqhiyah al-Kubrā. al-Maktabah al-‘Islāmiyyah.

Al-Kāsānī, ‘Alā’ aldīn Abū Bakr. (1986). Badā’i’ Al-Ṣanā’i’ fī Tartīb al-Sharā’i’. (2nd ed.). Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah.

Al-Naysābūrī, Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj. (n.d.). Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim. Beirut: Dār ‘Iḥya’ al-Turāth al-‘Arabī.

Al-Qaradāwī, Yūsuf. (2010). Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah al-Muta’aliqah bi al-Māl. (2nd ed.). Cairo: Dār al-Shurūq.

Al-Qarār’ah, Jamīl. (2003). Manhaj al-‘Islām fī Muwājahat al-Fasād. Paper presented to the Arab International Conference against Corruption, Naif Arab Academy for Security Sciences, Riyadh.

Al-Qazwīnī, Aḥmad ibn Faris. (1979). Mu’jam Maqāyīs al-Lughah. Beirut: Dār Al-Fikr.

Al-Qurṭubi, Muḥammad. (1964). Al-Jāmi’ li Aḥkām Al-Qur’ān. (2nd ed.). Cairo: Dār al-Kutub al-Miṣriyyah.

Al-Ramlī, Moḥammad. (1984). Nihāyat al-Muḥtāj ‘ilā Sharḥ al-Minhāj. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr.

Al-Ruqībī, Jum’ah. (2014). Dawr al-Ḥawkamah fī Mukāfaḥat al-Fasād – al-Shafāfiyah wa Muḥāsabat al-Mas’uliyah. paper presented to the 3rd Scientific Conference of the College of Business Administration, Ajloun University, Jordan.

Al-Sa’dī, ‘Abdul Raḥmān. (2000). Taysīr al-Karīm al-Raḥmān fī Tafsīr Kalām al-Manān. (1st ed.). Beirut: Mu’assasat al-Risālah.

Al-Tirmidhī, Muḥammad. (1998). Sunan al-Tirmidhī. Beirut: Dār al-Gharb al-‘Islāmī.

Al-Zabaydī, Moḥammad al-Ḥusaynī. (n.d.). Tāj al-‘Arūs min Jawāhir al-Qāmūs. Cairo: Dār al-Hidāyah.

Al-Zamakhshrī, Maḥmūd. (1986). Al-Kashāf ‘an Ḥaqā’iq Ghawāmiḍ al-Tanzīl. (3rd ed.). Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-‘Arabī.

Bāblalī, Maḥmūd. (1988). ‘I’mār al-‘arḍ fī al-‘Iqtiṣād al-‘Islāmī wa ‘Istithmār Khayrātihā bimā Yanfa’ al-Nās. (1st ed.). Beirut: al-Maktab al-‘Islāmī.

Brian R. Cheffins. (2013). The History of Corporate Governance: Oxford Handbook of Corporate Governance. UK: Oxford University Press.

Center for Governance in the National Management Institute. (n.d.). Mafāhīm wa Siyāsāt al-Ḥawkamah fī al-‘Adabiyāt al-‘Arabiyyah wa al-Gharbiyyah. Cairo: Ministry of Planning.

Ḥamdī, Moḥammad. (2016). Naẓariyat al-‘Istikhlāf fī al-‘Amwāl fī al-‘Iqtiṣād al-‘Islāmī. (1st ed.). Cairo: Dār al-Salām.

Ḥussīn, al-Sayyid Abdul Ḥalīm. (n.d.). al-Wakālah fī al-Sharī’ah al-‘Islāmiyyah. Cairo: Dār al-Ṭibā’ah wa al-Nashir al-‘Islāmiyyah.

Ibn ‘Ābidīn, Muḥammad ‘Amīn. (1992). Rad al-Muḥtār ‘Alā al-Dur al-Mukhtār fī Sharḥ Tanwīr al-‘Abṣār. (2ne ed.). Beirut: Dār al-Fikr.

Ibn Ḥanbal, Aḥmad. (2001). Musnad al-‘Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. (1st ed.). Beirut: Mu’assasat al-Risālah.

Ibn Kathīr, ‘Ismā’īl ibn Kathīr. (1988). Al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah. (1st ed.). Beirut: Dār ‘Iḥya’ al-Turāth al-‘Arabī.

Ibn Mājah, Moḥammad. (n.d.). Sunan ibn Mājah. Cairo: Dār ‘iḥya’ al-kutub al-‘Arabiyyah.

Ibn Manẓūr, Muḥammad. (1993). Lisān al-‘Arab. (3rd ed.). Beirut: Dār Ṣādir.

Ibn Qudāmah, Muwafaq al-Dīn. (1968). Al-Mughnī. Cairo: Maktabat al-Qāhira.

Ibn Taymiyyah, Aḥmad. (1997). Al-Siyāsah al-Shar’iyah fī ‘Iṣlāḥ al-Rā’ī wa al-Ra’iyah. (1st ed.). Riyadh: Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Saudi Arabia.

Hossam Moussa Mohamed Shousha, The Concept of State and Its Necessary Existence considering the Noble Qur’an and the Present Reality, Al-Risalah: Journal of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences (ARJIHS) e-ISSN: 2600-8394, Vol 2 No 1 (2018), Special Issue.

M. Jensen and W. Meckling. (1976). “Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 3, No 4, pp. 305-360.

Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs in Kuwait. (n.d.). Al-Mawsū’ah al-Fiqhiyah. (2nd ed.). Kuwait: Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs.

Nazīh Ḥamād. (2008). Mu’jam al-Muṣṭalaḥāt al-Māliyah wa al-‘Iqtiṣādiyah fī lughat al-Fuqahā’. (1st ed.). Damascus: Dār Al-Qalam.

Shukr, ‘Inās Jum’ah. (2014). Taḥlīl Dawr Ma’āyīr al-Muḥāsabah fī Ta’zīz Mutaṭalabāt Ḥawkamat al-Sharikāt wa al-Mas’uliyah al-‘Ijtima’iyah fī al-Ḥad min al-Fasād al-‘Idārī wa al-Mālī. Paper presented to the 3rd Scientific Conference of the College of Business Administration, Ajloun University, Jordan.

Ṭanṭāwi, Moḥammad Sayyid. (n.d.). Al-Tafsīr al-Wasīṭ li al-Qur’ān al-Karīm. (1st ed.). Cairo: Dār Nahḍat Miṣr.

United Nations Development Programmer (UNDP). (1997). Governance and Sustainable Human Development. New York: UNDP, UNDP policy document.

World Bank. (1989). From crisis to sustainable growth - sub Saharan Africa: a long-term perspective study. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

World Bank. (1992). Governance and development. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

World Bank. (1994). Governance - the World Bank's experience. Development in practice. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank

Published

2018-06-10

How to Cite

Abdulaziz Alnahedh ع. ا., & Younes Soualhi ي. ص. (2018). مبادئ ونظريات الحوكمة من منظور الشريعة الإسلامية/Principles and Theory of Governance from Islamic Perspective. Al-Risalah: Journal of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences (ARJIHS), 2(2), 74–99. https://doi.org/10.31436/alrisalah.v2i2.72