The Impact of the Two Maxims of Istiḥālah and Istihlāk upon the Rulings on Food and Medicine: An Analytical Juristic Study
تأثير قاعدتي الاستحالة والاستهلاك في أحكام الأغذية والأدوية: دراسة فقهية تحليلية
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31436/ijfus.v2i2.88Abstract
This study focuses on the Islamic rulings regarding food and medicine from the perspective of two maxims, istiḥālah and istihlāk, with gelatine and alcohol as the case studies. The researchers applied the inductive method for examining fatāwā issued on new and latest food and medicine whose forbiddance is disputed and for investigating them from both perspectives of medicine and Islamic jurisprudence in order to make integration between them. Likewise, the researchers used the analytical approach in clarifying the reasons for variation between the scholars of Islamic jurisprudence regarding the types of prohibited substances in the latest food and medicine, while analysing and pondering upon them, and clarifying the regulations that confirm the objectives of the Sharī‘ah and maxims of Islamic jurisprudence. This study concludes with these findings: the maxims of istiḥālah and istihlāk are not achieved in the production of gelatine. As for alcohol, it is not the same as intoxicants, therefore their consumption is prohibited in both little amounts and large amounts. The researchers opine that the rulings they preferred may be overridden in cases of dire need based on the maxim of Islamic Jurisprudence: “dire need makes the prohibited permissible.”
Keywords: Islamic Rulings on Food, Istiḥālah, Istihlāk, Gelatine, Alcohol
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